Hypoglycemia diagnostic criteria: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
{{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{MAD}} | {{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{MAD}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Diagnostic criteria of hypoglycemia include symptoms of hypoglycemia, a low [[plasma glucose]] concentration correlated with symptoms, and correction of [[Glucose levels low|glucose level]] relieves symptoms. These criteria called [[Whipple's triad]]. Neonatal hypoglycemia can be diagnosed by measuring multiple [[metabolic]] panels include p[[Insulin|lasma insulin]], plasma [[C-peptide]], [[beta-hydroxybutyrate]], b[[PH|lood pH,]] [[bicarbonate]], [[lactate]], [[Free fatty acids]], [[Acylcarnitine hydrolase|acylcarnitine profile]], plasma free and total [[Carnitine|carnitine levels]]. | |||
= Hypoglycemia diagnostic criteria = | |||
The following 3 characteristics should be present to diagnose hypoglycemia, which is called [[Whipple's triad]] and includes: | The following 3 characteristics should be present to diagnose hypoglycemia, which is called [[Whipple's triad]] and includes: | ||
*Symptoms of hypoglycemia | *Symptoms of hypoglycemia |
Revision as of 13:45, 22 September 2017
Hypoglycemia Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Hypoglycemia diagnostic criteria On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypoglycemia diagnostic criteria |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypoglycemia diagnostic criteria |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Diagnostic criteria of hypoglycemia include symptoms of hypoglycemia, a low plasma glucose concentration correlated with symptoms, and correction of glucose level relieves symptoms. These criteria called Whipple's triad. Neonatal hypoglycemia can be diagnosed by measuring multiple metabolic panels include plasma insulin, plasma C-peptide, beta-hydroxybutyrate, blood pH, bicarbonate, lactate, Free fatty acids, acylcarnitine profile, plasma free and total carnitine levels.
Hypoglycemia diagnostic criteria
The following 3 characteristics should be present to diagnose hypoglycemia, which is called Whipple's triad and includes:
- Symptoms of hypoglycemia
- A low plasma glucose concentration correlated with symptoms
- Correction of glucose level relieves symptoms
The strategy is to seek Whipple's triad under conditions in which hypoglycemia would be expected:
- If the symptoms occur in the fasting state, that evaluation should be performed during fasting.
- If there is a compelling history of postprandial symptoms, it is reasonable to seek Whipple's triad with frequent, timed plasma glucose measurements and recording of any symptoms after a mixed meal.
Identifying the cause
After confirmation of hypoglycemia. Physicians should have history, signs and laboratory results sufficient to help them to identify the cause of hypoglycemia:
Plasma insulin | C-peptide | proinsulin | Sulfonylurea in plasma | insulin or insulin receptor antibodies | Postprandial symptoms | Fating symptoms | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insulinoma | high | high | high | - | - | - | + |
Oral hypoglycemics | high | high | high | + | - | - | - |
Autoimmune hypoglycemia | high | high | high | - | + | - | - |
NIPHS* | high | high | high | - | - | + | - |
Exogenous insulin | high | low | low | - | - | - | - |
Non-islet cell tumors | low | low | low | - | - | - | - |
*(NIPHS) non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome
Neonatal hypoglycemia:
- Measure plasma insulin, plasma C-peptide and beta-hydroxybutyrate
- Blood pH, bicarbonate, and lactate
- Free fatty acids, acylcarnitine profile, plasma free and total carnitine levels