| Cardiovascular
|
No underlying causes
|
| Chemical / poisoning
|
Aluminum intoxication, Hypervitaminosis D, Vitamin A intoxication, Vitamin D intoxication
|
| Dermatologic
|
Leprosy
|
| Drug Side Effect
|
caspofungin acetate, Dexlansoprazole, Lithium, Nandrolone, Tamoxifen, Thiazide diuretics
|
| Ear Nose Throat
|
Oral candidiasis
|
| Endocrine
|
Abnormal parathyroid gland function, Acromegaly, Acute osteoporosis, Addison's Disease, Adrenal insufficiency, Autonomous hyperparathyroidism (post long-term renal failure), Bartter's Syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, Hyperparathyroidism (in the preceding oliguric-anuric phase), Hyperthyroidism, Isolated or multinodal adenoma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), Parathyroid carcinoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia, Pheochromocytoma, Primary hyperparathyroidism, Primary Parathyroid hyperplasia, Secretion of prostaglandins, Severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, Solitary parathyroid adenoma, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumor (VIPoma)
|
| Environmental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Gastroenterologic
|
Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hypervitaminosis D, Oral candidiasis, Total parenteral nutrition
|
| Genetic
|
Familial hypocalcuric hypercalcemia, Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, Gitelman syndrome, William's syndrome
|
| Hematologic
|
Hodgkin's lymphoma, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple myeloma, Plasma cell granuloma, Polycythemia
|
| Iatrogenic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Infectious Disease
|
Coccidioidomycosis, Leprosy, Oral candidiasis
|
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho
|
Acute osteoporosis, Bone fracture, Paget's Disease, Rebound hypercalcemia after rhabdomyolysis
|
| Neurologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Nutritional / Metabolic
|
Dehydration, Milk-alkali syndrome, Osteomalacia, Total parenteral nutrition, Vitamin A intoxication, Vitamin D intoxication, Vitamin D metabolic disorders
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
Breast cancer, Ovarian cancer, Paget's Disease
|
| Oncologic
|
Breast cancer, Bronchial carcinoma, Carcinoma, Hematologic malignancy (multiple myeloma, lymphoma, leukemia), Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Isolated or multinodal adenoma, Kidney cancer, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Malignancy, Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), Multiple Myeloma, Ovarian cancer, Paget's Disease, Parathyroid carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Plasma cell granuloma, Silicone-Induced granuloma, Solid tumor with humoral mediation of hypercalcemia (e.g. lung or kidney cancer, pheochromocytoma), Solid tumor with metastasis (e.g. breast cancer), Solitary parathyroid adenoma, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-producing tumor (VIPoma)
|
| Ophthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose / Toxicity
|
, Aluminum intoxication, Aspirin (in large amounts), Drugs, Hypervitaminosis D, Vitamin A intoxication, Vitamin D intoxication
|
| Psychiatric
|
No underlying causes
|
| Pulmonary
|
Berylliosis, Bronchial carcinoma, Granulomatous diseases with tuberculosis, Histoplasmosis, Sarcoidosis, Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis
|
| Renal / Electrolyte
|
Acute renal failure, After kidney transplant, Bartter's Syndrome, Chronic renal failure, Familial hypocalcuric hypercalcemia, Kidney cancer, Medullary sponge kidney, Milk-alkali syndrome, Rebound hypercalcemia after rhabdomyolysis, Renal failure
|
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy
|
Acute osteoporosis, Sarcoidosis, Sjogren's syndrome
|
| Sexual
|
No underlying causes
|
| Trauma
|
No underlying causes
|
| Urologic
|
Acute renal failure, Chronic renal failure, Milk-alkali syndrome, Renal failure
|
| Miscellaneous
|
Idiopathic hypercalcemia (in infants), Immobilization, Paraplegia
|