Hydronephrosis diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions
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=== Study of choice === | === Study of choice === | ||
* [[Renal]] [[ultrasonography]] is the [[Gold standard test|diagnostic study of choice]] for the [[diagnosis]] of [[hydronephrosis]].<ref name="pmid416685">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ellenbogen PH, Scheible FW, Talner LB, Leopold GR |title=Sensitivity of gray scale ultrasound in detecting urinary tract obstruction |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=130 |issue=4 |pages=731–3 |date=April 1978 |pmid=416685 |doi=10.2214/ajr.130.4.731 |url=}}</ref> | * [[Renal]] [[ultrasonography]] is the [[Gold standard test|diagnostic study of choice]] for the [[diagnosis]] of [[hydronephrosis]].<ref name="pmid416685">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ellenbogen PH, Scheible FW, Talner LB, Leopold GR |title=Sensitivity of gray scale ultrasound in detecting urinary tract obstruction |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=130 |issue=4 |pages=731–3 |date=April 1978 |pmid=416685 |doi=10.2214/ajr.130.4.731 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* The following result of [[ultrasonography]] is confirmatory of [[hydronephrosis]]:<ref name="pmid4166852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ellenbogen PH, Scheible FW, Talner LB, Leopold GR |title=Sensitivity of gray scale ultrasound in detecting urinary tract obstruction |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=130 |issue=4 |pages=731–3 |date=April 1978 |pmid=416685 |doi=10.2214/ajr.130.4.731 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3070720">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuuliala IK, Niemi LK, Ala-Opas MY |title=Ultrasonography for diagnosis of obstructing ureteral calculus |journal=Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=275–7 |date=1988 |pmid=3070720 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * The following result of [[ultrasonography]] is confirmatory of [[hydronephrosis]]:<ref name="pmid4166852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ellenbogen PH, Scheible FW, Talner LB, Leopold GR |title=Sensitivity of gray scale ultrasound in detecting urinary tract obstruction |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=130 |issue=4 |pages=731–3 |date=April 1978 |pmid=416685 |doi=10.2214/ajr.130.4.731 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3070720">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuuliala IK, Niemi LK, Ala-Opas MY |title=Ultrasonography for diagnosis of obstructing ureteral calculus |journal=Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=275–7 |date=1988 |pmid=3070720 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7281377">{{cite journal |vauthors=Talner LB, Scheible W, Ellenbogen PH, Beck CH, Gosink BB |title=How accurate is ultrasonography in detecting hydronephrosis in azotemic patients? |journal=Urol Radiol |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=1–6 |date=1981 |pmid=7281377 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
** Hypoechoic fluid displaces the [[echogenic]] sinus [[fat]] | ** Hypoechoic fluid displaces the [[echogenic]] sinus [[fat]] | ||
** Anechoic black area | ** Anechoic black area | ||
Revision as of 16:39, 23 July 2018
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Hydronephrosis diagnostic study of choice On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Early diagnosis of hydronephrosis is important because most of the cases can be reversed if not treated promptly lead to irreversible renal injury.Hydronephrosis is usually diagnosed using an ultrasound scan.
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Study of choice
- Renal ultrasonography is the diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of hydronephrosis.[1]
- The following result of ultrasonography is confirmatory of hydronephrosis:[2][3][4]
The comparison of various diagnostic studies for [disease name]
| Test | Positive predictive value | Negative predictive value |
|---|---|---|
| Ultrasonography | 0.77 | 0.71 |
| Test 2 | ...% | ✔ |
✔= The best test based on the feature
Diagnostic results
The following result of [investigation name] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
- Result 1
- Result 2
Sequence of Diagnostic Studies
The [name of investigation] should be performed when:
- The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
- A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Here you should describe the details of the diagnostic criteria.
- Always mention the name of the criteria/definition you are about to list (e.g. modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of endocarditis / 3rd universal definition of MI) and cite the primary source of where this criteria/definition is found.
- Although not necessary, it is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.
- Be very clear as to the number of criteria (or threshold) that needs to be met out of the total number of criteria.
- Distinguish criteria based on their nature (e.g. clinical criteria / pathological criteria/ imaging criteria) before discussing them in details.
- To view an example (endocarditis diagnostic criteria), click here
- If relevant, add additional information that might help the reader distinguish various criteria or the evolution of criteria (e.g. original criteria vs. modified criteria).
- You may also add information about the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria, the pre-test probability, and other figures that may help the reader understand how valuable the criteria are clinically.
- [Disease name] is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
- There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
- [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
- Criteria 1
- Criteria 2
- Criteria 3
IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria:
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
- The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
IF there are no established diagnostic criteria:
- There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Ellenbogen PH, Scheible FW, Talner LB, Leopold GR (April 1978). "Sensitivity of gray scale ultrasound in detecting urinary tract obstruction". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 130 (4): 731–3. doi:10.2214/ajr.130.4.731. PMID 416685.
- ↑ Ellenbogen PH, Scheible FW, Talner LB, Leopold GR (April 1978). "Sensitivity of gray scale ultrasound in detecting urinary tract obstruction". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 130 (4): 731–3. doi:10.2214/ajr.130.4.731. PMID 416685.
- ↑ Kuuliala IK, Niemi LK, Ala-Opas MY (1988). "Ultrasonography for diagnosis of obstructing ureteral calculus". Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. 22 (4): 275–7. PMID 3070720.
- ↑ Talner LB, Scheible W, Ellenbogen PH, Beck CH, Gosink BB (1981). "How accurate is ultrasonography in detecting hydronephrosis in azotemic patients?". Urol Radiol. 3 (1): 1–6. PMID 7281377.