Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer risk factors: Difference between revisions

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{{Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer}}
{{Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==


The most potent risk factor in the development of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is gene mutations caused by defective DNA mismatch repair.<ref name="pmid26474631">{{cite journal |vauthors=Si JW, Wang L, Ba XJ, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang JX, Li WT, Li T |title=[Clinicopathological screening of Lynch syndrome: a report of 2 cases and literature review] |language=Chinese |journal=Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao |volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=858–64 |year=2015 |pmid=26474631 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
The most [[Potency|potent]] [[risk factor]] in the development of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is [[gene]] [[Mutation|mutations]] caused by defective [[DNA mismatch repair]].
 
==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==


===Gene Mutations===
*The most [[Potency|potent]] [[risk factor]] in the development of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is [[gene]] [[Mutation|mutations]] caused by defective [[DNA mismatch repair]].<ref name="pmid26474631">{{cite journal |vauthors=Si JW, Wang L, Ba XJ, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang JX, Li WT, Li T |title=[Clinicopathological screening of Lynch syndrome: a report of 2 cases and literature review] |language=Chinese |journal=Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao |volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=858–64 |year=2015 |pmid=26474631 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*The 4 main MMR genes associated with high risk of developing Lynch syndrome are MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2.
*[[Gene|Genes]] associated with high risk of developing hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer include:<ref name="pmid26474631">{{cite journal |vauthors=Si JW, Wang L, Ba XJ, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang JX, Li WT, Li T |title=[Clinicopathological screening of Lynch syndrome: a report of 2 cases and literature review] |language=Chinese |journal=Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao |volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=858–64 |year=2015 |pmid=26474631 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
*Most mutations (90%) that cause Lynch syndrome are found in the MLH1 or MSH2 genes.
:*[[MLH1]]
*MSH6 and PMS2, account for the other 10% of mutations.<ref> Lynch Syndrome. Canadian Cancer Society http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-101/what-is-a-risk-factor/genetic-risk/lynch-syndrome/?region=ab#ixzz3t69IQ9M7 Accessed on December 01 2015 </ref>  
:*[[MSH2]]
 
:*[[MSH6]]
*Individuals with HNPCC have about an 80% life time risk for colon cancer.
:*[[PMS2]]
*Women with HNPCC have an 80% life time risk of endometrial cancer.
* To learn more about hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer [[Mutation|genetic mutations]], [[Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer pathophysiology|click here]]
*Among women with HNPCC who have both colon and endometrial cancer, about half present first with endometrial cancer, making endometrial cancer the most common sentinel cancer in Lynch syndrome.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|1}}


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Latest revision as of 18:39, 29 April 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]Ali Akram, M.B.B.S.[3]

Overview

The most potent risk factor in the development of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is gene mutations caused by defective DNA mismatch repair.

Risk Factors

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Si JW, Wang L, Ba XJ, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang JX, Li WT, Li T (2015). "[Clinicopathological screening of Lynch syndrome: a report of 2 cases and literature review]". Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao (in Chinese). 47 (5): 858–64. PMID 26474631.


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