Hepatitis E primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Hepatitis E is a [[zoonosis]], therefore [[prevention]] of the disease should start by avoiding [[transmission]] of the virus from animals to humans. As almost all [[HEV infection]]s are spread by the faecal - oral route, improving [[sanitation]] is the most important measure good personal hygiene. High quality standards for public water supplies and proper disposal of sanitary waste have resulted in a low prevalence of [[HEV infection]]s in many well developed societies.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | Hepatitis E is a [[zoonosis]], therefore [[prevention]] of the disease should start by avoiding [[transmission]] of the virus from animals to humans. As almost all [[HEV infection]]s are spread by the faecal - oral route, improving [[sanitation]] is the most important measure, along with good personal hygiene. High quality standards for public water supplies and proper disposal of sanitary waste have resulted in a low prevalence of [[HEV infection]]s in many well developed societies.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | ||
For travellers to high [[endemic]] areas, the usual elementary food hygiene precautions are recommended. These include:<ref name=WHO>{{cite web | title = Hepatitis E | url = http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/whocdscsredc200112/en/index5.html }}</ref> | For travellers to high [[endemic]] areas, the usual elementary food hygiene precautions are recommended. These include:<ref name=WHO>{{cite web | title = Hepatitis E | url = http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/whocdscsredc200112/en/index5.html }}</ref> | ||
*Avoiding drinking water and/or ice of unknown purity | *Avoiding drinking water and/or ice of unknown purity | ||
*Eating uncooked shellfish, uncooked fruits or vegetables that are not peeled or prepared by the traveller | *Eating uncooked shellfish, uncooked fruits or vegetables that are not peeled or prepared by the traveller | ||
*Cook pork thoroughly | |||
*Avoid eating shellfish | |||
===Guidelines for Epidemic Measures=== | ===Guidelines for Epidemic Measures=== | ||
Revision as of 17:09, 25 August 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Prevention
Hepatitis E is a zoonosis, therefore prevention of the disease should start by avoiding transmission of the virus from animals to humans. As almost all HEV infections are spread by the faecal - oral route, improving sanitation is the most important measure, along with good personal hygiene. High quality standards for public water supplies and proper disposal of sanitary waste have resulted in a low prevalence of HEV infections in many well developed societies.[1]
For travellers to high endemic areas, the usual elementary food hygiene precautions are recommended. These include:[2]
- Avoiding drinking water and/or ice of unknown purity
- Eating uncooked shellfish, uncooked fruits or vegetables that are not peeled or prepared by the traveller
- Cook pork thoroughly
- Avoid eating shellfish
Guidelines for Epidemic Measures
The following measures should be observed in an epidemic situation:[2]
- Determination of the mode of transmission
- Identification of the population with an increased risk of infection
- Elimination of a common source of infection
- Improvement of sanitary and hygienic practices to eliminate faecal contamination of food and water
Vaccination
References
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Hepatitis E".