Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia differential diagnosis
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Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia |
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Differentiating Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is diagnosed when the platelet count falls by > 50% typically after 5-10 days of heparin therapy. It is caused by antibodies to complexes between heparin and platelet factor 4 (PF4). These antibody complexes stimulates the procoagulant pathways due to activation of platelet and endothelium.
Differential diagnosis
Diagnosis of Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is mainly done with the help of lab tests. A decrease in platelet count by > 50% typically after 5-10 days of heparin therapy leads to a diagnosis of HIT. Thus, it should be differentiated from other causes of thrombocytopenia like
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
- Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
- Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia
- Posttransfusion Thrombocytopenia
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus