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{{AIDS}}
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{{CMG}} '''Associate Editors-in-Chief:''' [[User:Ujjwal Rastogi|Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS]] [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org]
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editors-in-Chief:''' [[User:Ujjwal Rastogi|Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS]]; {{Ammu}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
CT scans of chest are important part of diagnosis in HIV patients having pulmonary symptoms. It has an advantage over X-Ray in being more sensitive in detection of early [[interstitial lung disease]], [[lymphadenopathy]], and [[nodules]].
CT scans of chest are an important part of the work-up of HIV patients presenting with [[pulmonary]] symptoms. CT scans may show similar findings observed on chest X-rays but carry the advantage of having greater sensitivity in the detection of early [[interstitial lung disease]], [[lymphadenopathy]], and pulmonary [[nodules]].
==AIDS CT scan==
In HIV patients, nodules can result from bacterial infection (pneumonia or mycobacterial disease) or malignancy (most common being lymphoma). Nodules can be with or without cavitation. CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy is used to make a definitive diagnosis.


A prospective study done in 30 patients comparing the accuracy of high-resolution CT in distinguishing between Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and non- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients stated that the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and, negative predictive values of the HRCT for the diagnosis for PCP were 100, 83.3, 90.5 and 100 percent, respectively.<ref name="pmid12695843">{{cite journal |author=Hidalgo A, Falcó V, Mauleón S, Andreu J, Crespo M, Ribera E, Pahissa A, Cáceres J |title=Accuracy of high-resolution CT in distinguishing between Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and non- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients |journal=Eur Radiol |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=1179–84 |year=2003 |month=May |pmid=12695843 |doi=10.1007/s00330-002-1641-6 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-002-1641-6 |accessdate=2012-02-12}}</ref>
==CT==
===Chest CT===
CT scans of chest are an important part of the work-up of HIV patients presenting with [[pulmonary]] symptoms. A chest CT scan should be obtained when chest X-rays are unclear or inconclusive. A CT scan is particularly useful in characterizing pulmonary nodules that may result from infections (bacterial or fungal pneumonia, mycobacterial disease) or [[malignancy]] ([[lymphoma]], metastasis). CT-guided transthoracic needle [[biopsy]] is used to make a definitive diagnosis.<ref name="pmid20981180">{{cite journal| author=Allen CM, Al-Jahdali HH, Irion KL, Al Ghanem S, Gouda A, Khan AN| title=Imaging lung manifestations of HIV/AIDS. | journal=Ann Thorac Med | year= 2010 | volume= 5 | issue= 4 | pages= 201-16 | pmid=20981180 | doi=10.4103/1817-1737.69106 | pmc=PMC2954374 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20981180  }} </ref>


HRCT fndings, that are '''suggestive of PCP''' are :
{|
* Diffuse or [[Ground glass opacification on CT|ground glass]] pattern predominately in the upper lobes with or without cystic change.
|[[File:CT PCP (pneumocystis jirovecii) pneumonia.png|thumb|300px|none|Coronal chest CT cut of an individual with ''Pneumocystis jirovecii'' pneumonia <br> <SMALL>Image courtesy of   Dr Paresh K Desai , [http://www.Radiopaedia.org Radiopedia]. (original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/pcp-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia)] [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]]]</SMALL>
HRCT fndings, that are '''not suggestive of PCP''' are :
|}
*"Tree in bud" appearance.
* [[Consolidation]].
* [[Bronchiectasis]].
* [[Lymphadenopathy]].


==Reference==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 22:11, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editors-in-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [3]

Overview

CT scans of chest are an important part of the work-up of HIV patients presenting with pulmonary symptoms. CT scans may show similar findings observed on chest X-rays but carry the advantage of having greater sensitivity in the detection of early interstitial lung disease, lymphadenopathy, and pulmonary nodules.

CT

Chest CT

CT scans of chest are an important part of the work-up of HIV patients presenting with pulmonary symptoms. A chest CT scan should be obtained when chest X-rays are unclear or inconclusive. A CT scan is particularly useful in characterizing pulmonary nodules that may result from infections (bacterial or fungal pneumonia, mycobacterial disease) or malignancy (lymphoma, metastasis). CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy is used to make a definitive diagnosis.[1]

Coronal chest CT cut of an individual with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Image courtesy of Dr Paresh K Desai , Radiopedia. (original file [1] Creative Commons BY-SA-NC

References

  1. Allen CM, Al-Jahdali HH, Irion KL, Al Ghanem S, Gouda A, Khan AN (2010). "Imaging lung manifestations of HIV/AIDS". Ann Thorac Med. 5 (4): 201–16. doi:10.4103/1817-1737.69106. PMC 2954374. PMID 20981180.

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