Gliomatosis cerebri pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- Gliomatosis cerebri may be classified into primary (de novo) or secondary, with the latter as a result from the spreading of a more focal glioma.
- According to WHO classification of brain tumors, gliomatosis cerebri is classified into grade 2 or grade 3 tumors.
Genetics
Genes involved in pathogenesis of gliomatosis cerebri include:[1][2][3]
Associated Conditions
Gliomatosis cerebri may be associated with:[4]
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, gliomatosis cerebri is characterized by:[4]
- Diffuse, usually astrocytic growth pattern
- Involves at least three cerebral lobes
- Bilateral involvement of the cerebral hemispheres, deep gray matter, brainstem, or cerebellum
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological examination, gliomatosis cerebri is characterized by:[5]
- Diffuse proliferation of immature glial elements resembling astrocytes, oligodendroglia, or undifferentiated cells
- Cytologic and nuclear atypia
- Calcification
- Microcysts
- Mitotic figures
- No necrosis or microvascular proliferation
References
- ↑ San Millan B, Kaci R, Polivka M, Robert G, Héran F, Gueguen A; et al. (2010). "[Gliomatosis cerebri: a biopsy and autopsy case report]". Ann Pathol. 30 (1): 25–9. doi:10.1016/j.annpat.2009.10.020. PMID 20223351.
- ↑ Ware ML, Hirose Y, Scheithauer BW, Yeh RF, Mayo MC, Smith JS; et al. (2007). "Genetic aberrations in gliomatosis cerebri". Neurosurgery. 60 (1): 150–8, discussion 158. doi:10.1227/01.NEU.0000249203.73849.5D. PMID 17228264.
- ↑ Herrlinger U, Felsberg J, Küker W, Bornemann A, Plasswilm L, Knobbe CB; et al. (2002). "Gliomatosis cerebri: molecular pathology and clinical course". Ann Neurol. 52 (4): 390–9. doi:10.1002/ana.10297. PMID 12325066.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Buis DR, van der Valk P, De Witt Hamer PC (2012). "Subcutaneous tumor seeding after biopsy in gliomatosis cerebri". J Neurooncol. 106 (2): 431–5. doi:10.1007/s11060-011-0678-2. PMC 3230756. PMID 21837541.
- ↑ Artigas J, Cervos-Navarro J, Iglesias JR, Ebhardt G (1985). "Gliomatosis cerebri: clinical and histological findings". Clin Neuropathol. 4 (4): 135–48. PMID 4053456.