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{{Gastric dumping syndrome}}
{{Gastric dumping syndrome}}
{{CMG}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{UA}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include preventing or avoiding surgery and preventing risk factor exposure. No vaccines are available for dumping syndrome.
Effective measures for the primary [[Prevention (medical)|prevention]] of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]] include preventing or avoiding [[surgery]] and preventing [[risk factor]] exposure. No [[Vaccine|vaccines]] are available for [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]].


==Primary Prevention==
==Primary Prevention==
Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include avoiding surgery, preventing risk factor exposure and a specific post-surgical diet.
Effective measures for the primary [[Prevention (medical)|prevention]] of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]] include avoiding [[surgery]], preventing [[risk factor]] exposure and a specific post-surgical [[Diet (nutrition)|diet]].
* There are no available vaccines against dumping syndrome.
* There are no available [[Vaccine|vaccines]] against [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]].
* [[Intravenous fluid]] substitution is not effective in preventing early dumping [[Symptom|symptoms]].<ref name="pmid14452070">{{cite journal |vauthors=JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE |title=Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=156 |issue= |pages=173–9 |year=1962 |pmid=14452070 |pmc=1466323 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlwww.practicalgastro.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.practicalgastro.com/pdf/February06/UklejaArticle.pdf |title=www.practicalgastro.com |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
* Continuous [[Feeding tube|enteral feeding]] may be help in avoiding dumping [[Symptom|symptoms]] after meal [[ingestion]]. However this is not suggested because it is [[Invasive (medical)|invasive]].
===Diet===
'''Dietary Modifications (Level III; Grade B)'''
* Decrease [[carbohydrate]] intake<ref name="MeierButler2006">{{cite journal|last1=Meier|first1=J. J.|last2=Butler|first2=A. E.|last3=Galasso|first3=R.|last4=Butler|first4=P. C.|title=Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Not Accompanied by Islet Hyperplasia or Increased  -Cell Turnover|journal=Diabetes Care|volume=29|issue=7|year=2006|pages=1554–1559|issn=0149-5992|doi=10.2337/dc06-0392}}</ref><ref name="pmid18656831">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kellogg TA, Bantle JP, Leslie DB, Redmond JB, Slusarek B, Swan T, Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S |title=Postgastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndrome: characterization and response to a modified diet |journal=Surg Obes Relat Dis |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=492–9 |year=2008 |pmid=18656831 |doi=10.1016/j.soard.2008.05.005 |url=}}</ref>
** Avoid simple [[Sugar|sugars]] like soda, candy sweets, and cookies
* [[Fluid]] restriction
** Wait at least 30 minutes after a meal before drinking
* Increase [[protein]] intake
* Increase [[fat]] intake
* Increase fiber intake
* [[Dairy]] and [[dairy]] product restriction
* Shorter meals
* Eat slowly
* [[Mastication|Chew]] properly
* Lying [[supine]] for 30 minutes after a meal
* [[Glycemic index]] education of foods is important


* Intravenous fluid substitution is not effective in preventing early dumping symptoms.<ref name="pmid14452070">{{cite journal |vauthors=JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE |title=Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=156 |issue= |pages=173–9 |year=1962 |pmid=14452070 |pmc=1466323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
===='''Dietary Foods''' ====
 
The following is a table that illustrates the types of food to take and avoid in the case of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]].
===Diet===
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
!'''Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta'''
!'''Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta'''
Line 23: Line 39:
** 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, or pasta
** 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, or pasta
|
|
* Breads, bagels, rolls, unsweetened cereals, pasta, potatoes, rice, crackers, and soup (only if taken one hour after solid foods at medium temperature).
* Breads, bagels, rolls, unsweetened cereals, pasta, potatoes, rice, crackers, and soup (only if taken one hour after [[solid]] foods at medium temperature).
|
|
* Sweet rolls and doughnuts
* Sweet rolls and doughnuts
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* Ice cream and sherbet
* Ice cream and sherbet
* Honey, syrup, and jelly
* Honey, syrup, and jelly
* Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, xylitol, and mannitol
* Sugar alcohols such as [[sorbitol]], [[xylitol]], and [[mannitol]]
|} 
|} 



Latest revision as of 19:50, 13 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Umar Ahmad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include preventing or avoiding surgery and preventing risk factor exposure. No vaccines are available for dumping syndrome.

Primary Prevention

Effective measures for the primary prevention of dumping syndrome include avoiding surgery, preventing risk factor exposure and a specific post-surgical diet.

Diet

Dietary Modifications (Level III; Grade B)

  • Decrease carbohydrate intake[3][4]
    • Avoid simple sugars like soda, candy sweets, and cookies
  • Fluid restriction
    • Wait at least 30 minutes after a meal before drinking
  • Increase protein intake
  • Increase fat intake
  • Increase fiber intake
  • Dairy and dairy product restriction
  • Shorter meals
  • Eat slowly
  • Chew properly
  • Lying supine for 30 minutes after a meal
  • Glycemic index education of foods is important

Dietary Foods

The following is a table that illustrates the types of food to take and avoid in the case of dumping syndrome.

Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta Foods To Choose  Foods to Avoid
  • 6-11 servings each day
  • One serving equals: 1 slice bread, 1 cup ready-to-eat cereal
    • 1/2 cup cooked cereal, rice, or pasta
  • Breads, bagels, rolls, unsweetened cereals, pasta, potatoes, rice, crackers, and soup (only if taken one hour after solid foods at medium temperature).
  • Sweet rolls and doughnuts
  • Sweetened cereals
  • Pancakes and waffles with syrup
  • Soup (taken with solid foods)
 Fruits Foods to Choose Foods To Avoid
  •  2-4 servings each day
  • One serving equals: 1 medium size fresh, 1/2 cup canned, 3/4 cup juice 
  •  All fresh fruit
  • Drained, unsweetened canned fruit
  • Unsweetened frozen fruit
  • 100 percent pure juice (taken one hour after meals)
  • Canned fruits in heavy syrup
  • Sweetened frozen fruit
  • Sweetened juice (that is, punch or sports drinks)
  • Candied fruit
Milk and Dairy Products Foods To Choose Foods to Avoid
  • Limit to 2 servings each day
  • One serving equals: 1 cup milk or yogurt
  • Plain or unsweetened yogurt
  • Skim, 2 percent, or whole milk (taken one hour after meals)
  • Milkshakes and chocolate milk
  • Sweetened yogurt 
Meats, Poultry, Fish, Dry Beans, Peas, Eggs and Cheese Foods to Choose Foods to Avoid
  •  2-3 servings or a total of six ounces daily
    • One serving equals: 2-3 ounces cooked meat, chicken, or fish (about the size of a deck of cards)
    • or 1/2 to 3/4 cup cottage cheese or tuna fish
    • or one egg, 1/2 cup cooked beans, two tablespoons peanut butter, or one ounce of cheese.
  • Choose leaner cuts of beef and meat and limit the amount of high-fat items like eggs and cheese.
  • All meat, fish, poultry, peanut butter, cheese, eggs, and dried beans or legumes
  • Any not tolerated
Vegetables Foods to Choose Foods to Avoid
  •  3-5 servings each day
  • One serving equals: 1 cup raw, 1/2 cup cooked or chopped. 
  • All vegetables
  • Any not tolerated
Fats, Condiments and Beverages Foods to Choose Foods to Avoid
 
  • All butter, margarine, cream, oil, and salad dressings
  • Salt, herbs, spices, and condiments
  • Any sugar-free beverage (coffee, tea, diet soda, etc., taken one hour after solids)
  • Sweet pickles or relish
  • Sweetened drinks (regular lemonade, soda)
  • Any others not tolerated
Snacks, Sweets, and Desserts Foods to Choose Foods to Avoid
 
  • Sugar-free gelatin
  • Sugar-free pudding
  • Sugar-free candy
  • Sugar substitutes
  • Sugar
  • Candy and chocolate
  • Cakes and cookies
  • Ice cream and sherbet
  • Honey, syrup, and jelly
  • Sugar alcohols such as sorbitol, xylitol, and mannitol

 

References

  1. JOHNSON LP, SLOOP RD, JESSEPH JE (1962). "Etiologic significance of the early symptomatic phase in the dumping syndrome". Ann. Surg. 156: 173–9. PMC 1466323. PMID 14452070.
  2. "www.practicalgastro.com" (PDF).
  3. Meier, J. J.; Butler, A. E.; Galasso, R.; Butler, P. C. (2006). "Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Not Accompanied by Islet Hyperplasia or Increased  -Cell Turnover". Diabetes Care. 29 (7): 1554–1559. doi:10.2337/dc06-0392. ISSN 0149-5992.
  4. Kellogg TA, Bantle JP, Leslie DB, Redmond JB, Slusarek B, Swan T, Buchwald H, Ikramuddin S (2008). "Postgastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndrome: characterization and response to a modified diet". Surg Obes Relat Dis. 4 (4): 492–9. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2008.05.005. PMID 18656831.


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