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*Gallstone disease usually affects individuals of the Western Caucasian, Hispanic and Native American races. Eastern European, African American and Japanese individuals are less likely to develop Gallstone disease.<ref name="pmid13777615">{{cite journal |vauthors=TORVIK A, HOIVIK B |title=Gallstones in an autopsy series. Incidence, complications, and correlations with carcinoma of the gallbladder |journal=Acta Chir Scand |volume=120 |issue= |pages=168–74 |year=1960 |pmid=13777615 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4453803">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zahor A, Sternby NH, Kagan A, Uemura K, Vanecek R, Vichert AM |title=Frequency of cholelithiasis in Prague and Malmö. An autopsy study |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=3–7 |year=1974 |pmid=4453803 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1010661">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brett M, Barker DJ |title=The world distribution of gallstones |journal=Int J Epidemiol |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=335–41 |year=1976 |pmid=1010661 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid866998">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lindström CG |title=Frequency of gallstone disease in a well-defined Swedish population. A prospective necropsy study in Malmö |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=341–6 |year=1977 |pmid=866998 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Gallstone disease usually affects individuals of the Western Caucasian, Hispanic and Native American races. Eastern European, African American and Japanese individuals are less likely to develop Gallstone disease.<ref name="pmid13777615">{{cite journal |vauthors=TORVIK A, HOIVIK B |title=Gallstones in an autopsy series. Incidence, complications, and correlations with carcinoma of the gallbladder |journal=Acta Chir Scand |volume=120 |issue= |pages=168–74 |year=1960 |pmid=13777615 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4453803">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zahor A, Sternby NH, Kagan A, Uemura K, Vanecek R, Vichert AM |title=Frequency of cholelithiasis in Prague and Malmö. An autopsy study |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=3–7 |year=1974 |pmid=4453803 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1010661">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brett M, Barker DJ |title=The world distribution of gallstones |journal=Int J Epidemiol |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=335–41 |year=1976 |pmid=1010661 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid866998">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lindström CG |title=Frequency of gallstone disease in a well-defined Swedish population. A prospective necropsy study in Malmö |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=341–6 |year=1977 |pmid=866998 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Gallstone disease has an overall higher prevalence in females than males of the Western Caucasian, Hispanic and Native American nations.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence and Prevalence
- The incidence/prevalence of Gallstone disease is approximately 60.2 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]
Age
- Patients of all age groups between 20 and 74 may develop Gallstone disease.[1]
Race
- Gallstone disease usually affects individuals of the Western Caucasian, Hispanic and Native American races. Eastern European, African American and Japanese individuals are less likely to develop Gallstone disease.[2][3][4][5]
Gender
- Females are more commonly affected by Gallstone disease than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 2.5 to 1.[6][7][8]
Region
- Gallstone disease is a common disease that tends to affect Pima Indians and other Native American tribes.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Everhart JE, Khare M, Hill M, Maurer KR (1999). "Prevalence and ethnic differences in gallbladder disease in the United States". Gastroenterology. 117 (3): 632–9. PMID 10464139.
- ↑ TORVIK A, HOIVIK B (1960). "Gallstones in an autopsy series. Incidence, complications, and correlations with carcinoma of the gallbladder". Acta Chir Scand. 120: 168–74. PMID 13777615.
- ↑ Zahor A, Sternby NH, Kagan A, Uemura K, Vanecek R, Vichert AM (1974). "Frequency of cholelithiasis in Prague and Malmö. An autopsy study". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 9 (1): 3–7. PMID 4453803.
- ↑ Brett M, Barker DJ (1976). "The world distribution of gallstones". Int J Epidemiol. 5 (4): 335–41. PMID 1010661.
- ↑ Lindström CG (1977). "Frequency of gallstone disease in a well-defined Swedish population. A prospective necropsy study in Malmö". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 12 (3): 341–6. PMID 866998.
- ↑ Thistle JL, Eckhart KL, Nensel RE, Nobrega FT, Poehling GG, Reimer M, Schoenfield LJ (1971). "Prevalence of gallbladder disease among Chippewa Indians". Mayo Clin. Proc. 46 (9): 603–8. PMID 5096596.
- ↑ Williams CN, Johnston JL, Weldon KL (1977). "Prevalence of gallstones and gallbladder disease in Canadian Micmac Indian women". Can Med Assoc J. 117 (7): 758–60. PMC 1880087. PMID 907946.
- ↑ WILBUR RS, BOLT RJ (1959). "Incidence of gall bladder disease in normal men". Gastroenterology. 36 (2): 251–5. PMID 13620038.
- ↑ Everhart JE, Yeh F, Lee ET, Hill MC, Fabsitz R, Howard BV, Welty TK (2002). "Prevalence of gallbladder disease in American Indian populations: findings from the Strong Heart Study". Hepatology. 35 (6): 1507–12. doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.33336. PMID 12029637.