Gallbladder cancer causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Definite cause of the gallbladder cancer is not determined, but several risk factors are involved in this cancer, such as [[Gallstone disease|gallstones]], gallbladder [[Polyp|polyps]], infections, and [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]]. | Definite cause of the [[gallbladder cancer]] is not determined, but several risk factors are involved in this cancer, such as [[Gallstone disease|gallstones]], [[gallbladder]] [[Polyp|polyps]], infections, and [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Common Causes=== | |||
=== Common Causes<ref name="pmid8625043">{{cite journal |vauthors=Strom BL, Soloway RD, Rios-Dalenz JL, Rodriguez-Martinez HA, West SL, Kinman JL, Polansky M, Berlin JA |title=Risk factors for gallbladder cancer. An international collaborative case-control study |journal=Cancer |volume=76 |issue=10 |pages=1747–56 |year=1995 |pmid=8625043 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7853419">{{cite journal |vauthors=Darby SC, Whitley E, Howe GR, Hutchings SJ, Kusiak RA, Lubin JH, Morrison HI, Tirmarche M, Tomásek L, Radford EP |title=Radon and cancers other than lung cancer in underground miners: a collaborative analysis of 11 studies |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=87 |issue=5 |pages=378–84 |year=1995 |pmid=7853419 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11760569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lazcano-Ponce EC, Miquel JF, Muñoz N, Herrero R, Ferrecio C, Wistuba II, Alonso de Ruiz P, Aristi Urista G, Nervi F |title=Epidemiology and molecular pathology of gallbladder cancer |journal=CA Cancer J Clin |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=349–64 |year=2001 |pmid=11760569 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | Common causes of [[gallbladder cancer]] may include:<ref name="pmid8625043">{{cite journal |vauthors=Strom BL, Soloway RD, Rios-Dalenz JL, Rodriguez-Martinez HA, West SL, Kinman JL, Polansky M, Berlin JA |title=Risk factors for gallbladder cancer. An international collaborative case-control study |journal=Cancer |volume=76 |issue=10 |pages=1747–56 |year=1995 |pmid=8625043 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7853419">{{cite journal |vauthors=Darby SC, Whitley E, Howe GR, Hutchings SJ, Kusiak RA, Lubin JH, Morrison HI, Tirmarche M, Tomásek L, Radford EP |title=Radon and cancers other than lung cancer in underground miners: a collaborative analysis of 11 studies |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=87 |issue=5 |pages=378–84 |year=1995 |pmid=7853419 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11760569">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lazcano-Ponce EC, Miquel JF, Muñoz N, Herrero R, Ferrecio C, Wistuba II, Alonso de Ruiz P, Aristi Urista G, Nervi F |title=Epidemiology and molecular pathology of gallbladder cancer |journal=CA Cancer J Clin |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=349–64 |year=2001 |pmid=11760569 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Gallstone disease]] | * [[Gallstone disease]] | ||
* [[Porcelain gallbladder]] | * [[Porcelain gallbladder]] | ||
* [[Gallbladder]] [[polyps]] | |||
* Gallbladder | |||
* [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | * [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | ||
* [[Chronic]] [[infection]] | * [[Chronic]] [[infection]] | ||
* Congenital biliary cysts | * Congenital biliary cysts | ||
* Medications such as, [[Oral contraceptive|oral contraceptive pills]], [[methyldopa]], and [[isoniazid]] | * Medications such as, [[Oral contraceptive|oral contraceptive pills]], [[methyldopa]], and [[isoniazid]] | ||
* Occupational exposure : [[Carcinogen]] exposure such as workers in oil, paper, chemical, shoe, textile, and [[cellulose]] acetate fiber manufacturing industries | * Occupational exposure: | ||
** [[Carcinogen]] exposure such as workers in oil, paper, chemical, shoe, textile, and [[cellulose]] [[acetate]] fiber manufacturing industries | |||
* Aflatoxin | * [[Cigarette smoke|Cigarette smokers]] | ||
* [[Aflatoxin]] | |||
* [[Obesity]] | * [[Obesity]] | ||
* Elevated blood sugar | |||
=== Less Common Causes === | |||
Less common causes of [[gallbladder cancer]] include: | |||
* Elevated [[blood sugar]] | |||
* [[Soybeans]] | |||
* [[Radon]] exposure | |||
=== Genetic Causes === | |||
* [[Gallbladder cancer]] is caused by a [[mutation]] in genes:<ref name="pmid8950352">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mano H, Roa I, Araya JC, Ohta T, Yoshida K, Araki K, Kinebuchi H, Ishizu T, Nakadaira H, Endoh K, Yamamoto M, Watanabe H |title=Comparison of mutagenic activity of bile between Chilean and Japanese female patients having cholelithiasis |journal=Mutat. Res. |volume=371 |issue=1-2 |pages=73–7 |year=1996 |pmid=8950352 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10676628">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hidaka E, Yanagisawa A, Seki M, Takano K, Setoguchi T, Kato Y |title=High frequency of K-ras mutations in biliary duct carcinomas of cases with a long common channel in the papilla of Vater |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=522–4 |year=2000 |pmid=10676628 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
** [[P53]] [[mutations]] | |||
** [[KRAS]] [[mutations]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 13:46, 9 January 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Definite cause of the gallbladder cancer is not determined, but several risk factors are involved in this cancer, such as gallstones, gallbladder polyps, infections, and Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Causes
Common Causes
Common causes of gallbladder cancer may include:[1][2][3]
- Gallstone disease
- Porcelain gallbladder
- Gallbladder polyps
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Chronic infection
- Congenital biliary cysts
- Medications such as, oral contraceptive pills, methyldopa, and isoniazid
- Occupational exposure:
- Carcinogen exposure such as workers in oil, paper, chemical, shoe, textile, and cellulose acetate fiber manufacturing industries
- Cigarette smokers
- Aflatoxin
- Obesity
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of gallbladder cancer include:
- Elevated blood sugar
- Soybeans
- Radon exposure
Genetic Causes
References
- ↑ Strom BL, Soloway RD, Rios-Dalenz JL, Rodriguez-Martinez HA, West SL, Kinman JL, Polansky M, Berlin JA (1995). "Risk factors for gallbladder cancer. An international collaborative case-control study". Cancer. 76 (10): 1747–56. PMID 8625043.
- ↑ Darby SC, Whitley E, Howe GR, Hutchings SJ, Kusiak RA, Lubin JH, Morrison HI, Tirmarche M, Tomásek L, Radford EP (1995). "Radon and cancers other than lung cancer in underground miners: a collaborative analysis of 11 studies". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87 (5): 378–84. PMID 7853419.
- ↑ Lazcano-Ponce EC, Miquel JF, Muñoz N, Herrero R, Ferrecio C, Wistuba II, Alonso de Ruiz P, Aristi Urista G, Nervi F (2001). "Epidemiology and molecular pathology of gallbladder cancer". CA Cancer J Clin. 51 (6): 349–64. PMID 11760569.
- ↑ Mano H, Roa I, Araya JC, Ohta T, Yoshida K, Araki K, Kinebuchi H, Ishizu T, Nakadaira H, Endoh K, Yamamoto M, Watanabe H (1996). "Comparison of mutagenic activity of bile between Chilean and Japanese female patients having cholelithiasis". Mutat. Res. 371 (1–2): 73–7. PMID 8950352.
- ↑ Hidaka E, Yanagisawa A, Seki M, Takano K, Setoguchi T, Kato Y (2000). "High frequency of K-ras mutations in biliary duct carcinomas of cases with a long common channel in the papilla of Vater". Cancer Res. 60 (3): 522–4. PMID 10676628.