Dizziness pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
The pathophysiology of dizziness depends on the etiological subtype<ref name="pmid11510399">{{cite journal| author=Hanley K, O'Dowd T, Considine N| title=A systematic review of vertigo in primary care. | journal=Br J Gen Pract | year= 2001 | volume= 51 | issue= 469 | pages= 666-71 | pmid=11510399 | doi= | pmc=1314080 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11510399 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10388800">{{cite journal| author=Ebersbach G, Sojer M, Valldeoriola F, Wissel J, Müller J, Tolosa E | display-authors=etal| title=Comparative analysis of gait in Parkinson's disease, cerebellar ataxia and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy. | journal=Brain | year= 1999 | volume= 122 ( Pt 7) | issue= | pages= 1349-55 | pmid=10388800 | doi=10.1093/brain/122.7.1349 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388800 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1443950">{{cite journal| author=Kroenke K, Lucas CA, Rosenberg ML, Scherokman B, Herbers JE, Wehrle PA | display-authors=etal| title=Causes of persistent dizziness. A prospective study of 100 patients in ambulatory care. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1992 | volume= 117 | issue= 11 | pages= 898-904 | pmid=1443950 | doi=10.7326/0003-4819-117-11-898 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1443950 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10569302">{{cite journal| author=Hoffman RM, Einstadter D, Kroenke K| title=Evaluating dizziness. | journal=Am J Med | year= 1999 | volume= 107 | issue= 5 | pages= 468-78 | pmid=10569302 | doi=10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00260-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10569302 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12574760">{{cite journal| author=Kentala E, Rauch SD| title=A practical assessment algorithm for diagnosis of dizziness. | journal=Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 128 | issue= 1 | pages= 54-9 | pmid=12574760 | doi=10.1067/mhn.2003.47 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12574760 }} </ref>. | The pathophysiology of [[dizziness]] depends on the etiological subtype<ref name="pmid11510399">{{cite journal| author=Hanley K, O'Dowd T, Considine N| title=A systematic review of vertigo in primary care. | journal=Br J Gen Pract | year= 2001 | volume= 51 | issue= 469 | pages= 666-71 | pmid=11510399 | doi= | pmc=1314080 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11510399 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10388800">{{cite journal| author=Ebersbach G, Sojer M, Valldeoriola F, Wissel J, Müller J, Tolosa E | display-authors=etal| title=Comparative analysis of gait in Parkinson's disease, cerebellar ataxia and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy. | journal=Brain | year= 1999 | volume= 122 ( Pt 7) | issue= | pages= 1349-55 | pmid=10388800 | doi=10.1093/brain/122.7.1349 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388800 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1443950">{{cite journal| author=Kroenke K, Lucas CA, Rosenberg ML, Scherokman B, Herbers JE, Wehrle PA | display-authors=etal| title=Causes of persistent dizziness. A prospective study of 100 patients in ambulatory care. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1992 | volume= 117 | issue= 11 | pages= 898-904 | pmid=1443950 | doi=10.7326/0003-4819-117-11-898 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1443950 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10569302">{{cite journal| author=Hoffman RM, Einstadter D, Kroenke K| title=Evaluating dizziness. | journal=Am J Med | year= 1999 | volume= 107 | issue= 5 | pages= 468-78 | pmid=10569302 | doi=10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00260-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10569302 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12574760">{{cite journal| author=Kentala E, Rauch SD| title=A practical assessment algorithm for diagnosis of dizziness. | journal=Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 128 | issue= 1 | pages= 54-9 | pmid=12574760 | doi=10.1067/mhn.2003.47 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12574760 }} </ref>. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+Pathophysiology based on the causes | |+Pathophysiology based on the causes | ||
!Cause | !Cause | ||
!Pathophysiology | !Pathophysiology | ||
! | !Category of dizziness | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Orthostatic hypotension | |Orthostatic hypotension | ||
Revision as of 19:51, 20 February 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fatimo Biobaku M.B.B.S [2] Norina Usman, M.B.B.S[3]
Overview
The pathophysiology of dizziness depends on the etiological subtype including orthostatic hypotension, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Menier's disease, Parkinson's disease, hyperventilation syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, and vestibular migraine.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of dizziness depends on the etiological subtype[1][2][3][4][5].
| Cause | Pathophysiology | Category of dizziness |
|---|---|---|
| Orthostatic hypotension | It is a drop in blood pressure on changing the position or can be due to the side effect of the medicine | Presyncope |
| Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo | The semicircular canal contains loose otolith, which gives a false sense of motion. | Vertigo |
| Meniere disease | Excessive endolymphatic fluid in the inner ear | Vertigo |
| Hyperventilation syndrome | Hyperventilation leads to respiratory alkalosis | Lightheadedness |
| Peripheral neuropathy | Decrease tactile sensation may cause patients to lack the feeling of feet to be touched to the ground leading to falls and imbalance. | Disequilibrium |
| Parkinson disease | Gait dysfunction cause falls and imbalance | Disequilibrium |
| Vestibular migraine | Uncertain | Vertigo |
References
- ↑ Hanley K, O'Dowd T, Considine N (2001). "A systematic review of vertigo in primary care". Br J Gen Pract. 51 (469): 666–71. PMC 1314080. PMID 11510399.
- ↑ Ebersbach G, Sojer M, Valldeoriola F, Wissel J, Müller J, Tolosa E; et al. (1999). "Comparative analysis of gait in Parkinson's disease, cerebellar ataxia and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy". Brain. 122 ( Pt 7): 1349–55. doi:10.1093/brain/122.7.1349. PMID 10388800.
- ↑ Kroenke K, Lucas CA, Rosenberg ML, Scherokman B, Herbers JE, Wehrle PA; et al. (1992). "Causes of persistent dizziness. A prospective study of 100 patients in ambulatory care". Ann Intern Med. 117 (11): 898–904. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-117-11-898. PMID 1443950.
- ↑ Hoffman RM, Einstadter D, Kroenke K (1999). "Evaluating dizziness". Am J Med. 107 (5): 468–78. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00260-0. PMID 10569302.
- ↑ Kentala E, Rauch SD (2003). "A practical assessment algorithm for diagnosis of dizziness". Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 128 (1): 54–9. doi:10.1067/mhn.2003.47. PMID 12574760.