Congenital heart disease: Difference between revisions
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{{Congenital heart disease}} | {{Congenital heart disease}} | ||
'''For patient information click [[Congenital heart disease(patient information)|here]]''' | '''For patient information, click [[Congenital heart disease(patient information)|here]]''' | ||
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh| Priyamvada Singh, | {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com] '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu] | ||
{{SK}} CHD; cardiac malformation | {{SK}} CHD; cardiac malformation | ||
==[[Congenital heart disease overview|Overview]]== | ==[[Congenital heart disease overview|Overview]]== | ||
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, accounting for about 1% of all cases [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17051527/ <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>]. Although mild cases of CHD are not detected until after discharge, most of the critical CHD cases are identified soon after birth requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life. CHD is broadly classified into three major groups, namely, cyanotic CHD, ductal-dependent CHD and critical CHD. Cyanotic CHD involves defects that lead to mixing of deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation. Ductal-dependent CHD relies on the patency of the ductus arteriosus for supply of blood to the pulmonary or systemic outflow which allows adequate mixing between the parallel circulations. Lesions requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life are referred to as critical CHD which includes ductal-dependent and cyanotic lesions, as well as forms of CHD that, although not requiring surgery in the neonatal period, do necessitate intervention in the first year of life, such as a big ventricular septal defect or an atrioventricular canal defect (or atrioventricular septal defect). | |||
==[[Congenital heart disease congenital heart disease anatomy |Anatomy]]== | ==[[Congenital heart disease congenital heart disease anatomy |Anatomy]]== | ||
==Classification== | ==[[Congenital heart disease classification|Classification]]== | ||
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[[Aortic stenosis]] | [[Atrial septal defect]] (ASD) | [[Atrial septal defect sinus venosus]] | [[Atrioventricular canal]] | [[Atrioventricular septal defect]] (AVSD) | [[Bicuspid aortic valve]] | [[Brugada syndrome]] | [[Cardiomyopathy]] | [[Coarctation of the aorta]] (CoA) | [[dextro-Transposition of the great arteries]] (d-TGA) | [[Dextrocardia]] | [[Ebstein's anomaly]] | [[Hypoplastic left heart syndrome]] (HLHS) | [[Hypoplastic right heart syndrome]] | [[Interrupted aortic arch]] (IAA) | [[levo-Transposition of the great arteries]] (l-TGA) | [[Lutembacher's syndrome]] | [[Mitral stenosis]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium primum|Ostium primum]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum|Ostium secundum]] | [[Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection]] (PAPVC) | [[Patent ductus arteriosus]] (PDA) | [[Pulmonary atresia]] | [[Pulmonary stenosis]] | [[Septum primum]] | [[Subaortic stenosis]] | [[Tetralogy of Fallot]] (ToF) | [[Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection]] (TAPVC) | [[Tricuspid atresia]] | [[Truncus arteriosus]] | [[Ventricular septal defect]] (VSD) | |||
==[[Congenital heart disease pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | ==[[Congenital heart disease pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | ||
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==[[Congenital heart disease differential diagnosis|Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders]]== | ==[[Congenital heart disease differential diagnosis|Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders]]== | ||
==[[Congenital heart disease epidemiology and demographics |Epidemiology and Demographics ]]== | ==[[Congenital heart disease epidemiology and demographics |Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ||
==[[Congenital heart disease risk factors |Risk Factors]]== | ==[[Congenital heart disease risk factors |Risk Factors]]== | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
[[Congenital heart disease diagnosis| | [[Congenital heart disease diagnosis|Diagnostic Criteria]] | [[Congenital heart disease history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Congenital heart disease physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Congenital heart disease laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Congenital heart disease electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Congenital heart disease chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Congenital heart disease MRI|MRI]] | [[Congenital heart disease CT|CT]] | [[Congenital heart disease echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Congenital heart disease prenatal ultrasound|Prenatal Ultrasound]] | [[Congenital heart disease other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
[[Congenital heart disease medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Congenital heart disease | [[Congenital heart disease medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Congenital heart disease surgery|Surgery]] | [[Congenital heart disease prevention|Prevention]] | [[Congenital heart disease outcomes|Outcomes]] | [[Congenital heart disease reproduction|Reproduction]] | ||
==Case Studies== | ==Case Studies== | ||
[[Congenital heart disease case study one|Case #1]] | [[Congenital heart disease case study one|Case #1]] | ||
==Related Chapters== | |||
[[es:Cardiopatía congénita]] | [[es:Cardiopatía congénita]] | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:29, 21 October 2021
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Congenital heart disease Microchapters |
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Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Congenital heart disease On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Congenital heart disease |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Congenital heart disease |
For patient information, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2] Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]
Synonyms and keywords: CHD; cardiac malformation
Overview
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, accounting for about 1% of all cases [4]. Although mild cases of CHD are not detected until after discharge, most of the critical CHD cases are identified soon after birth requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life. CHD is broadly classified into three major groups, namely, cyanotic CHD, ductal-dependent CHD and critical CHD. Cyanotic CHD involves defects that lead to mixing of deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation. Ductal-dependent CHD relies on the patency of the ductus arteriosus for supply of blood to the pulmonary or systemic outflow which allows adequate mixing between the parallel circulations. Lesions requiring surgery or catheter-based intervention in the first year of life are referred to as critical CHD which includes ductal-dependent and cyanotic lesions, as well as forms of CHD that, although not requiring surgery in the neonatal period, do necessitate intervention in the first year of life, such as a big ventricular septal defect or an atrioventricular canal defect (or atrioventricular septal defect).
Anatomy
Classification
Aortic stenosis | Atrial septal defect (ASD) | Atrial septal defect sinus venosus | Atrioventricular canal | Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) | Bicuspid aortic valve | Brugada syndrome | Cardiomyopathy | Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) | dextro-Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) | Dextrocardia | Ebstein's anomaly | Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) | Hypoplastic right heart syndrome | Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) | levo-Transposition of the great arteries (l-TGA) | Lutembacher's syndrome | Mitral stenosis | Ostium primum | Ostium secundum | Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) | Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) | Pulmonary atresia | Pulmonary stenosis | Septum primum | Subaortic stenosis | Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) | Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) | Tricuspid atresia | Truncus arteriosus | Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | MRI | CT | Echocardiography | Prenatal Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Prevention | Outcomes | Reproduction