Chronic cholecystitis (patient information): Difference between revisions

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(New page: '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here''' {{SI}} '''Editor-in-Chief:''' Meagan E. Doherty {{EJ}} ==What is Cholecystitis?== Cholecystitis is [[inflammation]...)
 
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'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Cholecystitis|here]]'''
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{{SI}}
{{Cholecystitis (patient information)}}
'''Editor-in-Chief:''' Meagan E. Doherty
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, [[Chronic cholecystitis|click here.]]'''


{{EJ}}
{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor-in-Chief:''' Meagan E. Doherty, {{MMF}}


==What is Cholecystitis?==
==Overview==
Cholecystitis is [[inflammation]] of the [[gallbladder]]. There are two distinct types of cholecystitis, acute and chronic. Acute cholecystitis is a sudden [[inflammation]] of the gallbladder that causes severe [[abdominal pain]]. Chronic cholecystitis is long-standing [[swelling]] and [[irritation]] of the [[gallbladder]].
Chronic cholecystitis is the chronic [[inflammation]] of the [[gallbladder]]. Chronic cholecystitis is causes [[abdominal pain]], [[nausea]], and [[vomiting]]. The abdominal pain is usually worsened after eating fatty or greasy food. Chronic cholecystitis is long-standing [[swelling]] and [[irritation]] of the [[gallbladder]]. The diagnosis is established by the combination of physical examination, laboratory, and imaging findings. The treatment of cholecystitis is mainly surgical removal of [[gallbladder]]. Possible complications of chronic cholecystitis are the [[gangrene]], [[perforation]], and malignancy of the gallbladder.  


==What are the symptoms of Cholecystitis?==
==What are the symptoms of Chronic Cholecystitis?==


==What are the causes of Cholecystitis?==
===Chronic Cholecystitis===


==Who is at risk for Cholecystitis?==
*Attacks of upper [[abdominal pain]], often with [[nausea]] or [[vomiting]]
*[[Abdominal pain]] that is located on the upper right side or upper middle of the [[abdomen]]
** The pain may:
*** Spread to the back or below the right shoulder blade
*** Worsened by eating fatty or greasy foods


==How to know you have Cholecystitis?==
Other symptoms that may occur include:
* Abdominal fullness
* Clay-colored stools
* Excess gas
* [[Fever]]
* [[Heartburn]]
* [[Indigestion]]
* [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]]
* Yellowing of skin and whites of the eyes ([[jaundice]])


==When to seek urgent medical care==
==What causes Cholecystitis?==
 
===Chronic Cholecystitis===
* Chronic cholecystitis is usually caused by [[gallstones]] in the [[gallbladder]].
* It is usually preceded by repeated attacks of acute cholecystitis.
* This leads to thickening of the [[gallbladder]] walls.
* The [[gallbladder]] begins to shrink and eventually loses the ability to perform its function, which is concentrating, storing, and releasing [[bile]].
 
==Who is at highest risk?==
Risk factors for chronic cholecystitis include:
*Gender: The disease occurs more often in women than in men
*Age: The incidence increases after age 40
*The presence or development of [[gallstones]]
*Race: Native Americans have a higher rate of [[gallstones]]
 
==Diagnosis==
 
===Chronic Cholecystitis===
Your doctor may order the following blood tests:
* [[Amylase]] and [[lipase]]
* [[Bilirubin]]
* [[Complete blood count]] (CBC):
** May show a higher than normal [[white blood cell]] count
* [[Liver function tests]]
 
Imaging tests that can show [[gallstones]] or [[inflammation]] include:
* Abdominal [[ultrasound]]
* Abdominal [[CT scan]]
* Abdominal [[x-ray]]
* Oral cholecystogram
* Gallbladder radionuclide scan
 
==Diseases with similar symptoms==
===Acute Cholecystitis===
*[[Perforated peptic ulcer]]
*[[Acute peptic ulcer exacerbation]] 
*[[Amoebic liver abscess]]
*Acute amoebic liver colitis
*[[Acute pancreatitis]]
*[[Acute intestinal obstruction]]
*[[Renal colic]]
*[[Acute retrocolic appendicitis]]
 
===Chronic Cholecystitis===
*[[Biliary colic|Billiary colic]]
*[[Peptic ulcer]]
*[[Hiatus hernia]]
*[[Colitis]]
*Functional bowel syndrome
 
==When to seek urgent medical care?==
===Chronic Cholecystitis===
Call for an appointment with your healthcare provider if you develop any symptoms of cholecystitis.


==Treatment options==
==Treatment options==
===Chronic Cholecystitis===
[[Surgery]] is the usual treatment. Surgery to remove the [[gallbladder]] ([[cholecystectomy]]) can be performed as an open or [[laparoscopic procedure]]. The open procedure requires a large cut in the upper-right part of the [[abdomen]]. [[Laparoscopic surgery]] uses instruments and a small camera inserted through a cluster of a few small cuts.
In patients who are poor candidates for surgery because of other diseases or conditions, the [[gallstones]] may be dissolved with medication taken by mouth.
===Medications to avoid===
{{MedCondContrPI


==Diseases with similar symptoms==
|MedCond =Cholecystitis|Fenofibrate|Gemfibrozil}}


==Where to find medical care for Cholecystitis==
==Where to find medical care for Cholecystitis?==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|yourdisease}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholecystitis]
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|yourdisease}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholecystitis]


==Prevention of Cholecystitis==
==Prevention of Cholecystitis==


==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)==
===Chronic Cholecystitis===
The condition is not always preventable. Eating less fatty foods may relieve symptoms in people with acute cholecystitis who have not had their [[gallbladder]] removed. However, the benefit of a low-fat diet has not been proven.
 
==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?==
 
===Possible complications of cholecystitis===
* [[Gangrene]] (tissue death) of the [[gallbladder]]
* [[Cancer]] of the gallbladder (rarely)
* [[Jaundice]]
* [[Pancreatitis]]
* Worsening of the condition


==Sources==




==Sources==
*http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000264.htm
*http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000217.htm


[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Hepatology]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
[[Category:General surgery]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]


{{SIB}}
{{WH}}
[[Category:Patient Information]] {{WH}} {{WS}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 20:10, 9 February 2018

Cholecystitis

Overview

What are the symptoms?

What are the causes?

Who is at highest risk?

Diagnosis

When to seek urgent medical care?

Treatment options

Where to find medical care for Cholecystitis?

Prevention

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Possible complications

Cholecystitis On the Web

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

Images of Cholecystitis

Videos on Cholecystitis

FDA on Cholecystitis

CDC on Cholecystitis

Cholecystitisin the news

Blogs on Cholecystitis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholecystitis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Cholecystitis

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-in-Chief: Meagan E. Doherty, Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Chronic cholecystitis is the chronic inflammation of the gallbladder. Chronic cholecystitis is causes abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The abdominal pain is usually worsened after eating fatty or greasy food. Chronic cholecystitis is long-standing swelling and irritation of the gallbladder. The diagnosis is established by the combination of physical examination, laboratory, and imaging findings. The treatment of cholecystitis is mainly surgical removal of gallbladder. Possible complications of chronic cholecystitis are the gangrene, perforation, and malignancy of the gallbladder.

What are the symptoms of Chronic Cholecystitis?

Chronic Cholecystitis

  • Attacks of upper abdominal pain, often with nausea or vomiting
  • Abdominal pain that is located on the upper right side or upper middle of the abdomen
    • The pain may:
      • Spread to the back or below the right shoulder blade
      • Worsened by eating fatty or greasy foods

Other symptoms that may occur include:

What causes Cholecystitis?

Chronic Cholecystitis

  • Chronic cholecystitis is usually caused by gallstones in the gallbladder.
  • It is usually preceded by repeated attacks of acute cholecystitis.
  • This leads to thickening of the gallbladder walls.
  • The gallbladder begins to shrink and eventually loses the ability to perform its function, which is concentrating, storing, and releasing bile.

Who is at highest risk?

Risk factors for chronic cholecystitis include:

  • Gender: The disease occurs more often in women than in men
  • Age: The incidence increases after age 40
  • The presence or development of gallstones
  • Race: Native Americans have a higher rate of gallstones

Diagnosis

Chronic Cholecystitis

Your doctor may order the following blood tests:

Imaging tests that can show gallstones or inflammation include:

Diseases with similar symptoms

Acute Cholecystitis

Chronic Cholecystitis

When to seek urgent medical care?

Chronic Cholecystitis

Call for an appointment with your healthcare provider if you develop any symptoms of cholecystitis.

Treatment options

Chronic Cholecystitis

Surgery is the usual treatment. Surgery to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) can be performed as an open or laparoscopic procedure. The open procedure requires a large cut in the upper-right part of the abdomen. Laparoscopic surgery uses instruments and a small camera inserted through a cluster of a few small cuts.

In patients who are poor candidates for surgery because of other diseases or conditions, the gallstones may be dissolved with medication taken by mouth.

Medications to avoid

Patients diagnosed with Cholecystitis should avoid using the following medications:

  • Fenofibrate
  • Gemfibrozil
    If you have been diagnosed with Cholecystitis, consult your physician before starting or stopping any of these medications.


Where to find medical care for Cholecystitis?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholecystitis

Prevention of Cholecystitis

Chronic Cholecystitis

The condition is not always preventable. Eating less fatty foods may relieve symptoms in people with acute cholecystitis who have not had their gallbladder removed. However, the benefit of a low-fat diet has not been proven.

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Possible complications of cholecystitis


Sources

Template:WH Template:WS