Cardiac tumors other diagnostic studies

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Template:Dj

Overview

Cardiac Tumors Biopsy Findings

Biopsy findings associated with cardiac tumors include the following:
Cardiac Tumors Biopsy Findings
Tumor Biopsy Findings
Myxoma Hemorrhages, spindle or stellate cells, pseudovascular structure, myxoid matrix.
  • There may be dystrophic calcification present.
Cardiac Lipoma Histopathologically, a cardiac lipoma is constituted of
  • mature fat cells, fibrous connective tissue, and
  • vacuolated brown fat.
Cardiac Fibroma Histologically, fibromas are predominantly made of
  • fibroblasts or collagen, with the characteristic "spindle cells."
  • Calcification of fibromas is especially prevalent among elderly people
Fibroelastoma Histopathologically, a cardiac lipoma is constituted of
  • endocardium-coated fronds contain an avascular collagenous core.
Rhabdomyoma Cardiac rhabdomyomas are characterized by
  • classic spider cells, polygonal myocytes with conspicuous sarcoplasmic clearing.
  • Rhabdomyomas are formed of enlarged, vacuolated cardiomyocytes.
Fibroelastomas
  • It consists of endocardium-coated fronds surrounding an avascular collagenous core.[1]
Mesothelioma Histopathology Mesothelioma cells can exhibit three different configurations,
  • namely largely epithelial, mostly fibrous (spindle cell), and biphasic (mixed).
  • Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and positive mesothelial markers (calretinin and cytokeratins) may effectively distinguish mesotheliomas from pericardial metastases of adenocarcinoma.[2]
Cystic Tumor of the Atrioventricular Node The tumor is found on the right side of the central fibrous body, invading and squeezing the AV node histologically.
  • The lesions are packed by a mucoid  material and are bordered by epithelium, cytokeratin, and epithelial membrane antigen positive.
Hemangioma histologically characterized
  • by small capillaries (capillary hemangioma), big vessels (cavernous hemangioma, the most frequent kind), or dysplastic vessels (cirsoid aneurysm).

References

  1. Maleszewski JJ, Anavekar NS, Moynihan TJ, Klarich KW (2017). "Pathology, imaging, and treatment of cardiac tumours". Nat Rev Cardiol. 14 (9): 536–549. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2017.47. PMID 28436488.
  2. Nilsson A, Rasmuson T (2009). "Primary Pericardial Mesothelioma: Report of a Patient and Literature Review". Case Rep Oncol. 2 (2): 125–132. doi:10.1159/000228894. PMC 2918860. PMID 20740175.

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