Cardiac arrhythmia: Difference between revisions

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{{familytree | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | | | | | | C04 | | | | | | | C05 | | C01= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>Atria'''| C02= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>AV junction'''| C03= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br> Ventricles'''|C04= '''[[SVT|Narrow complex tachycardia (SVT)]]'''| C05= '''[[Wide complex tachycardia]]''' }}
{{familytree | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | | | | | | C04 | | | | | | | C05 | | C01= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>Atria'''| C02= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>AV junction'''| C03= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br> Ventricles'''|C04= '''[[SVT|Narrow complex tachycardia (SVT)]]'''| C05= '''[[Wide complex tachycardia]]''' }}
{{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|.| | | | |,|-|+|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|.| | | | |,|-|+|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | D01 | | D02 | | D03 | | | D04 | | | | D05 | | | D06 |!| D07 |D01= '''[[Sinus node dysfunction]]:'''<br>[[Respiratory sinus arrhythmia]]<br>[[Sinus bradycardia]]<br> [[Sinoatrial block]] <br> [[Sinus arrest]] <br> [[Sick sinus syndrome]]<br><br> '''Abnormality in the atria:'''<br>[[Low atrial focus bradycardia]]<br> [[Atrial bigeminy]] <br><br> '''[[AV block|AV node dysfunction]]:'''<br>[[First Degree AV Block|First degree AV block]] <br> [[Second Degree AV Block|Second degree AV block]] <br> [[Complete or Third-Degree AV Block|Complete or third-degree AV block]]|D02= [[Junctional bradycardia|Junctional escape rhythm]] <br> [[Junctional bigeminy]]| D03=[[Isorhythmic A-V dissociation]] <br> [[Slow VT]] ([[idioventricular rhythm]])<br>[[Ventricular escape rhythm]]<br> [[Escape capture bigeminy]]|D04= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>Atria'''| D05= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>AV junction'''| D06= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>Atria or AV junction'''| D07= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br> Ventricles''' }}
{{familytree | D01 | | D02 | | D03 | | | D04 | | | | D05 | | | D06 |!| D07 |D01= '''Normal variant:'''<br>[[Respiratory sinus arrhythmia]]<br> <br>'''[[Sinus node dysfunction]]:'''<br>[[Sinus bradycardia]]<br> [[Sinoatrial block]] <br> [[Sinus arrest]] <br> [[Sick sinus syndrome]]<br><br> '''Abnormality in the atria:'''<br>[[Low atrial focus bradycardia]]<br> [[Atrial bigeminy]] <br><br> '''[[AV block|AV node dysfunction]]:'''<br>[[First Degree AV Block|First degree AV block]] <br> [[Second Degree AV Block|Second degree AV block]] <br> [[Complete or Third-Degree AV Block|Complete or third-degree AV block]]|D02= [[Junctional bradycardia|Junctional escape rhythm]] <br> [[Junctional bigeminy]]| D03=[[Isorhythmic A-V dissociation]] <br> [[Slow VT]] ([[idioventricular rhythm]])<br>[[Ventricular escape rhythm]]<br> [[Escape capture bigeminy]]|D04= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>Atria'''| D05= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>AV junction'''| D06= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br>Atria or AV junction'''| D07= '''<u>The origin of the impulse:</u><br> Ventricles''' }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | |!| |!| |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | |!| |!| |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | E01 | | E02 | | E03 | | | E04 |!| E05 |E01= [[Atrial fibrillation]] <br> [[Atrial flutter]] <br> [[Ectopic Atrial Rhythm|Ectopic atrial rhythm]] <br> [[Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)|Multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)]] <br> [[Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT) with Block|Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) with block]] <br> [[Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs)|Premature atrial contractions (PAC)]] <br> [[Sinus Tachycardia|Sinus tachycardia]] <br> [[Wandering atrial pacemaker]]<br> [[Sick sinus syndrome]]| E02= [[AVNRT]] <br><br> [[AVRT]] ([[accessory pathway]]):<br>- [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome|Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)]]<br>- [[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome|Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL)]]|E03=[[Accelerated junctional rhythm]] <br> [[Junctional ectopic tachycardia]]| E04= '''[[Wide complex tachycardias|SVTAC]]'''<br>'''([[Wide complex tachycardias|SVT with aberrant conduction]]):<br><br>'''[[Left Bundle Branch Block|Left bundle branch block]] <br> [[LAHB|Left anterior hemi-block]] <br> [[Left posterior fascicular block electrocardiogram|Lefo posterior hemi-block]] <br> [[Right Bundle Branch Block|Right bundle branch block]] <br> [[Trifascicular block]]| E05= [[Ventricular tachycardia]] <br> [[Ventricular fibrillation electrocardiogram|Ventricular fibrillation]] <br> [[Ventricular Parasystole|Ventricular parasystole]] <br> [[Ventricular bigeminy]]}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | E01 | | E02 | | E03 | | | E04 |!| E05 |E01= [[Atrial fibrillation]] <br> [[Atrial flutter]] <br> [[Ectopic Atrial Rhythm|Ectopic atrial rhythm]] <br> [[Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)|Multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)]] <br> [[Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT) with Block|Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) with block]] <br> [[Premature Atrial Contractions (PACs)|Premature atrial contractions (PAC)]] <br> [[Sinus Tachycardia|Sinus tachycardia]] <br> [[Wandering atrial pacemaker]]<br> [[Sick sinus syndrome]]| E02= [[AVNRT]] <br><br> [[AVRT]] ([[accessory pathway]]):<br>- [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome|Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)]]<br>- [[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome|Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL)]]|E03=[[Accelerated junctional rhythm]] <br> [[Junctional ectopic tachycardia]]| E04= '''[[Wide complex tachycardias|SVTAC]]'''<br>'''([[Wide complex tachycardias|SVT with aberrant conduction]]):<br><br>'''[[Left Bundle Branch Block|Left bundle branch block]] <br> [[LAHB|Left anterior hemi-block]] <br> [[Left posterior fascicular block electrocardiogram|Lefo posterior hemi-block]] <br> [[Right Bundle Branch Block|Right bundle branch block]] <br> [[Trifascicular block]]| E05= [[Ventricular tachycardia]] <br> [[Ventricular fibrillation electrocardiogram|Ventricular fibrillation]] <br> [[Ventricular Parasystole|Ventricular parasystole]] <br> [[Ventricular bigeminy]]}}

Revision as of 17:53, 23 August 2013

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]

Overview

Cardiac arrhythmia is any of a large and heterogeneous group of conditions in which there is abnormal electrical activity in the heart. The heart beat may be too fast or too slow, and may be regular or irregular. A heart beat that is too fast is called tachycardia and a heart beat that is too slow is called bradycardia. Although many arrhythmias are not life-threatening, some can cause cardiac arrest.

Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arrhythmia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bradyarrhythmia
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arrhythmia
with normal heart rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tachyarrhythmia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Atria
 
The origin of the impulse:
AV junction
 
The origin of the impulse:
Ventricles
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sinus arrhythmia
Atrial bigeminy
 
Accelerated junctional rhythm
Junctional bigeminy
 
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
Ventricular bigeminy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Atria
 
The origin of the impulse:
AV junction
 
The origin of the impulse:
Ventricles
 
 
 
 
 
 
Narrow complex tachycardia (SVT)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wide complex tachycardia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Normal variant:
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Sinus node dysfunction:
Sinus bradycardia
Sinoatrial block
Sinus arrest
Sick sinus syndrome

Abnormality in the atria:
Low atrial focus bradycardia
Atrial bigeminy

AV node dysfunction:
First degree AV block
Second degree AV block
Complete or third-degree AV block
 
Junctional escape rhythm
Junctional bigeminy
 
Isorhythmic A-V dissociation
Slow VT (idioventricular rhythm)
Ventricular escape rhythm
Escape capture bigeminy
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Atria
 
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
AV junction
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Atria or AV junction
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Ventricles
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Ectopic atrial rhythm
Multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) with block
Premature atrial contractions (PAC)
Sinus tachycardia
Wandering atrial pacemaker
Sick sinus syndrome
 
AVNRT

AVRT (accessory pathway):
- Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)
- Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL)
 
Accelerated junctional rhythm
Junctional ectopic tachycardia
 
 
SVTAC
(SVT with aberrant conduction):

Left bundle branch block
Left anterior hemi-block
Lefo posterior hemi-block
Right bundle branch block
Trifascicular block
 
 
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular parasystole
Ventricular bigeminy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Atria, AV junction or ventricles

Presence of an accessory pathway
 
 
 
The origin of the impulse:
Pacemaker
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accessory pathway

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW)
Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL)
 
 
 
Paced rhythm

Pacemaker-mediated tachycardia
Runaway pacemaker syndrome
Sensor induced tachycardia

Cardiac Arrhythmias in Alphabetical Order

Cardiac arrhythmia developed by WikiDoc.org

References


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