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'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
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{| class="infobox" style="float:right;"
{{Infobox_Disease |
|-
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
| [[File:Siren.gif|30px|link=Aortic regurgitation resident survival guide]]|| <br> || <br>
  Image          = Aortic Valve Insufficiency.jpg|
| [[Aortic regurgitation resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']]
  Caption        = Aortic Valve Insufficiency: Gross, mitral and aortic valve calcification with partially ruptured cusp. Aortic insufficiency with nice kangaroo pouches. (An excellent example). <br> <small> [http://www.peir.net Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>|
|}
  DiseasesDB    = |
{{Infobox disease
  ICD10          = |
| Name            = Aortic insufficiency
  ICD9          = |
  | Image          = aortic_regurgitation.jpg|
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  MeshID        = |
}}
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{{SI}}
{{Aortic insufficiency}}
{{CMG}}
 
'''Associate Editors-in-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu]; [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S.


{{Editor Join}}
'''For patient information, click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]].'''


'''Synonyms and related words:''' '''Aortic regurgitation''', '''AI''', '''AR'''
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}; {{VK}}; {{LG}}; [[User:Mohammed Sbeih|Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.]][mailto:msbeih@wikidoc.org]; {{USAMA}};
{{SK}} Aortic insufficiency; aortic regurge; AI; AR; leaky aortic valve; aortic valve prolapse; ar; ai; regurge; aortic regurge; aotic regurgitation; aotic regurge; regurge; regurgitation; valvular regurge; aortic valvular regurge; Aortic Valvular Regurge; aortic regurgitation


'''Aortic Insufficiency''' refers to retrograde or backwards flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole.<ref name="pmid9271479">{{cite journal |author=Connolly HM, Crary JL, McGoon MD, ''et al'' |title=Valvular heart disease associated with fenfluramine-phentermine |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=337 |issue=9 |pages=581–8 |year=1997 |pmid=9271479 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199708283370901|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/337/9/581}}</ref> <ref name="pmid11307869">{{cite journal |author=Weissman NJ |title=Appetite suppressants and valvular heart disease |journal=Am. J. Med. Sci. |volume=321 |issue=4 |pages=285–91 |year=2001 |pmid=11307869|doi=10.1097/00000441-200104000-00008}}</ref> <ref name="pmid17202453">{{cite journal |author=Schade R, Andersohn F, Suissa S, Haverkamp W, Garbe E |title=Dopamine agonists and the risk of cardiac-valve regurgitation |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=356 |issue=1 |pages=29–38 |year=2007 |pmid=17202453 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa062222}}</ref> <ref name="pmid17202454">{{cite journal |author=Zanettini R, Antonini A, Gatto G, Gentile R, Tesei S, Pezzoli G |title=Valvular heart disease and the use of dopamine agonists for Parkinson's disease |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=356 |issue=1 |pages=39–46 |year=2007 |pmid=17202454 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa054830}}</ref>
==[[Aortic insufficiency overview|Overview]]==


==[[Aortic Regurgitation Epidemiology|Epidemiology]]==
==[[Aortic insufficiency causes|Historical Perspective]]==


==[[Aortic Regurgitation Pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Aortic insufficiency pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


===[[Aortic Regurgitation Natural History|Natural History]]===
==[[Aortic insufficiency causes|Causes]]==


==Diagnosis==
==[[Aortic insufficiency differential diagnosis|Differentiating Aortic Insufficiency from other Diseases]]==


===[[Aortic Regurgitation DDx|Differential Diagnosis]]===
==[[Aortic insufficiency epidemiology|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


===[[Aortic Regurgitation Symptoms|Symptoms]]===
==[[Aortic insufficiency risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


===[[Aortic Regurgitation Physical findings|Physical findings]]===
==[[Aortic insufficiency prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


===[[Aortic Regurgitation Electrocardiogram| Electrocardiogram]]===
==Diagnosis==
 
[[Aortic insufficiency symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Aortic insufficiency physical findings|Physical Examination]] | [[Aortic insufficiency cardiac stress test|Cardiac Stress Test]] | [[Aortic insufficiency Electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Aortic insufficiency Chest x-ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Aortic insufficiency echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Aortic insufficiency cardiac MRI|Cardiac MRI]] | [[Aortic insufficiency aortography|Cardiac Catheterization]]
===[[Aortic Regurgitation Chest x-ray|Chest x-ray]]===
 
===[[Aortic Regurgitation Echocardiography|Echocardiography]]===
 
===[[Aortic Regurgitation Aortography|Aortography]]===


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
===[[Aortic Regurgitation Treatment Overview|Overview]]===
====Acute Aortic Regurgitation====
===[[Aortic Regurgitation Medical Management|Medical Management]]===
[[Aortic insufficiency medical treatment|Medical Therapy]] | [[Aortic insufficiency surgical treatment|Surgery]]
===[[Aortic regurgitation Surgical Options|Surgical Options]]===
====Chronic Aortic Regurgitation====
[[Aortic insufficiency medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Aortic insufficiency surgical therapy|Surgery]]
====[[Aortic insufficiency precautions|Precautions and Prophylaxis]]====


==[[Complications and Prognosis of AR|Complications and Prognosis]]==
==Special Scenarios==
[[Aortic insufficiency in pregnancy|Pregnancy]] | [[Aortic insufficiency in elderly|Elderly]] | [[Aortic insufficiency in young patients|Young Adults]] | [[Aortic insufficiency in renal disease|End-stage Renal Disease]] | [[Prosthetic valve regurgitation]]


==References==
==Case Studies==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Aortic insufficiency case study one|Case #1]]
 
==External links==
*[http://www.protraineronline.com/past/JunJul06/article3.cfm Heart Disease and Life After] by Richard Hinkle
 
==See also==
*[[Aortic valve replacement]]
*[[Preload (cardiology)|Preload]]
*[[Afterload]]
 
==Acknowledgments==
Person who first created this page was {{CMG}}


{{Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system}}
{{Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system}}
{{Circulatory system pathology}}
{{WH}}
{{Electrocardiography}}
{{WS}}
{{SIB}}
[[CME Category::Cardiology]]
 


 
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[[Category:DiseaseState]]
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Latest revision as of 04:32, 7 July 2020



Resident
Survival
Guide
Aortic insufficiency
Classification and external resources

Aortic Regurgitation Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Pesrpective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Stages

Differentiating Aortic Regurgitation from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Cardiac Stress Test

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Cardiac MRI

Treatment

Acute Aortic regurgitation

Medical Therapy
Surgery

Chronic Aortic regurgitation

Medical Therapy
Surgery

Precautions and Prophylaxis

Special Scenarios

Pregnancy
Elderly
Young Adults
End-stage Renal Disease

Case Studies

Case #1

Aortic regurgitation On the Web

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NICE Guidance

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Aortic regurgitation

For patient information, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [3]; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [4]; Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.[5]; Usama Talib, BSc, MD [6]; Synonyms and keywords: Aortic insufficiency; aortic regurge; AI; AR; leaky aortic valve; aortic valve prolapse; ar; ai; regurge; aortic regurge; aotic regurgitation; aotic regurge; regurge; regurgitation; valvular regurge; aortic valvular regurge; Aortic Valvular Regurge; aortic regurgitation

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Aortic Insufficiency from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Cardiac Stress Test | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | Echocardiography | Cardiac MRI | Cardiac Catheterization

Treatment

Acute Aortic Regurgitation

Medical Therapy | Surgery

Chronic Aortic Regurgitation

Medical Therapy | Surgery

Precautions and Prophylaxis

Special Scenarios

Pregnancy | Elderly | Young Adults | End-stage Renal Disease | Prosthetic valve regurgitation

Case Studies

Case #1

Template:WH Template:WS CME Category::Cardiology