Allergy differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Marufa Marium, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Allergy must be differentiated from other diseases that cause Dermatological (Urticaria, pruritus, flushing, Angioedema), Respiratory (Rhinorrhea,chest tightness,Wheezing, Dyspnoea, Sneezing, Shortness of breath) Mucosal (Mucosal swelling affecting nose, lips, tongue, larynx, pharynx, conjunctiva, GIT) Ocular (Periorbital edema, Conjunctival Congesion, Itching), Systemic (Hypotension). Allergy can be differentiated according to the type of allergy.


Differentiating [[allergy] from other Diseases

Allergy must be differentiated from other diseases that cause Dermatological (Urticaria, pruritus, flushing, Angioedema), Respiratory (Rhinorrhea,chest tightness,Wheezing, Dyspnoea, Sneezing, Shortness of breath) Mucosal (Mucosal swelling affecting nose, lips, tongue, larynx, pharynx, conjunctiva, GIT) Ocular (Periorbital edema, Conjunctival Congesion, Itching), Systemic (Hypotension). Allergy can be differentiated according to the types of allergy.

Differentiating Allergy from other diseases on the basis of Dermatological, Respiratory, Mucosal, Ocular, Systemic Manifestations

On the basis Dermatological, Respiratory, Mucosal, Ocular, Systemic Manifestations, Allergy must be differentiated according to the types of allergy.

  • Food Allergy is differentiated from enzyme deficiencies like lactose intolerance, fructose intolerance, Celiac Disease, Toxic reactions, Irritable bowel syndrome, Tyramine or caffeine toxicity, Gustatory Rhinitis.
Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Additional findings
Symptoms Physical examination
Lab Findings Imaging Histopathology
Abdominal Pain Diarrhea/ Nausea/Vomiting Dysphagia Bloating/Flatulence Regurgitation/Reflux Urticaria/Oral Ulcer Dyspnea Pruritus/Flushing Gastrointestinal Dermatological Respiratory Mucosal Ocular Systemic and Other Complete metabolic panel IgA or IgG anti TTG, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 Hydrogen/Fructose breath Test, lactose intolerance test Toxin Stool analysis Endoscopy Colonoscopy and Sigmoidoscopy Barium Enema and X-ray CT MRI
Enzyme deficiencies and Malabsorption +(Diffuse Mild abdominal pain) +(Steatorrhea/Osmotic Diarrhea) - + - - - - Abdominal distention, Mild tenderness -/+, Osmotic diarrhea Hepatomegaly -/+, Ascites -/+ Koilonychia, Edema, Dermatitis, Easy Bruisability, ecchymoses, Follicular Hyperkeratosis, Pale/Icteric mucosa Tachypnea -/+ Glossitis/Cheilosis/Stomatitis Keratitis, Xeropthalmia, Night blindness, weight loss, Failure to thrive, Fatigue , Generalized and muscle weakness, Bone fracture, rickets/osteomalacia, Paresthesia, Ataxia
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Celiac Disease
Toxic reactions
Irritable bowel syndrome
Tyramine or caffeine toxicity
Gustatory Rhinitis

References

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]