Agranulocytosis causes: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 18: Line 18:
*[[Chlordiazepoxide]]
*[[Chlordiazepoxide]]
*[[Dapsone]]
*[[Dapsone]]
*[[Fluphenazine]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
*[[Lacosamide]]
*[[Lacosamide]]

Revision as of 15:15, 22 January 2015

Agranulocytosis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Agranulocytosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Agranulocytosis causes On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Agranulocytosis causes

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Agranulocytosis causes

CDC on Agranulocytosis causes

Agranulocytosis causes in the news

Blogs on Agranulocytosis causes

Directions to Hospitals Treating Agranulocytosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Agranulocytosis causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]

Overview

Causes

A large number of drugs[1] have been associated with agranulocytosis, including Albendazole, Metoclopramide, spironolactone, antiepileptics, antithyroid drugs (carbimazole, methimazole, and propylthiouracil), antibiotics (Amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole andpenicillin); cytotoxic drugs, hydroxychloroquine; gold; NSAIDs (diflunisal, indomethacin, naproxen, phenylbutazone, metamizole), mebendazole; the antidepressant mirtazapine, tolbutamide, Hydrocodone bitartrate and acetaminophen and some antipsychotics Chlorpromazine, Cirofloxacin (the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine, clozapine[2]). Clozapine users in the US and Canada must be nationally registered for monitoring of low WBC and absolute neutrophil counts (ANC).

Although the reaction is generally idiosyncratic rather than proportional, experts recommend that patients using these drugs be told about the symptoms of agranulocytosis-related infection, such as a sore throat and a fever.

The Centers for Disease Control recently traced outbreaks of agranulocytosis among cocaine users, in the US and Canada between March 2008 and November 2009, to the presence of levamisole in the drug supply. The Drug Enforcement Administration reported that, as of February 2010, 71% of seized cocaine lots coming into the US contained levamisole as a cutting agent.[3] Levamisole is an antihelminthic (i.e. deworming) drug used in animals. The reason for adding levamisole to cocaine is unknown,[4] although it can be due to their similar melting points and solubilities.

Drug Causes

References

  1. Systematic Review: Agranulocytosis Induced by Nonchemotherapy Drugs, Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:657-665
  2. Diaz, Jaime. How Drugs Influence Behavior. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1996.
  3. U.S. Department of Justice, National Drug Intelligence Center, National Drug Threat Assessment 2010, Colombian Cocaine Producers Increase Use of a Harmful Cutting Agent, February 2010.
  4. "Agranulocytosis Associated with Cocaine Use --- Four States, March 2008--November 2009." Centers for Disease Control: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. December 18, 2009/Vol. 58/No. 49 [1] Cited in Hsu, Jeremy. "Majority of U.S. Cocaine Supply Cut with Veterinary Deworming Drug." Popsci.com. December 18, 2009. [2]


Template:WikiDoc Sources