Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer risk factors
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Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is gene mutations caused by defective DNA mismatch repair.[1]
Risk Factors
Gene Mutations
- The 4 main MMR genes associated with high risk of developing Lynch syndrome are MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2.
- Most mutations (90%) that cause Lynch syndrome are found in the MLH1 or MSH2 genes.
- MSH6 and PMS2, account for the other 10% of mutations.[2]
- Individuals with HNPCC have about an 80% life time risk for colon cancer.
- Women with HNPCC have an 80% life time risk of endometrial cancer.
- Among women with HNPCC who have both colon and endometrial cancer, about half present first with endometrial cancer, making endometrial cancer the most common sentinel cancer in Lynch syndrome.
References
- ↑ Si JW, Wang L, Ba XJ, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang JX, Li WT, Li T (2015). "[Clinicopathological screening of Lynch syndrome: a report of 2 cases and literature review]". Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao (in Chinese). 47 (5): 858–64. PMID 26474631.
- ↑ Lynch Syndrome. Canadian Cancer Society http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-101/what-is-a-risk-factor/genetic-risk/lynch-syndrome/?region=ab#ixzz3t69IQ9M7 Accessed on December 01 2015