Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination: Difference between revisions

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== Physical Examination ==
== Physical Examination ==
Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
=== Appearance of the Patient ===
=== Appearance of the Patient ===


* Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance].
* Patients with DCM usually appear [general appearance].


=== Vital Signs ===
=== Vital Signs ===


* High-grade / low-grade fever
* High-grade / low-grade fever
* [[Hypothermia]] / hyperthermia may be present
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
* [[Bradycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
* [[Bradycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
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* [[Cyanosis]]
* [[Cyanosis]]
* [[Jaundice]]
* [[Pallor]]
* [[Pallor]]
* Bruises


=== HEENT ===
=== HEENT ===
* HEENT examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR


* Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
* Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
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=== Neck ===
=== Neck ===
* Neck examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR


* [[Jugular venous distension]]
* [[Jugular venous distension]]
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=== Abdomen ===
=== Abdomen ===


* Abdominal examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
*[[Abdominal distension]]
 
*[[Hepatomegaly]]  
OR
 
* [[Abdominal distension]]
* [[Abdominal tenderness]] in the right/left upper/lower abdominal quadrant
* [[Rebound tenderness]] (positive Blumberg sign)
* [[Hepatomegaly]] / [[splenomegaly]] / [[hepatosplenomegaly]]


=== Back ===
=== Back ===


* Back examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal
* Back examination of patients with DCM is usually normal


=== Genitourinary ===
=== Genitourinary ===


* Genitourinary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
* Genitourinary examination of patients with DCM is usually normal.


=== Neuromuscular ===
=== Neuromuscular ===
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=== Extremities ===
=== Extremities ===


* Extremities examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
*[[Cyanosis]]
 
OR
 
* [[Clubbing]]
* [[Cyanosis]]
* Pitting/non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities__NOTOC__
* Pitting/non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities__NOTOC__
{{Dilated cardiomyopathy}}
{{Dilated cardiomyopathy}}

Revision as of 16:44, 9 December 2019

Overview

Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

  • Patients with DCM usually appear [general appearance].

Vital Signs

  • High-grade / low-grade fever
  • Tachycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
  • Bradycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
  • Tachypnea / bradypnea
  • Kussmal respirations may be present in _____ (advanced disease state)
  • Weak/bounding pulse / pulsus alternans / paradoxical pulse / asymmetric pulse
  • High/low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure / wide pulse pressure / narrow pulse pressure

Skin

HEENT

  • Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
  • Evidence of trauma
  • Icteric sclera
  • Nystagmus
  • Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
  • Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation
  • Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___
  • Hearing acuity may be reduced

Neck

Lungs

  • Asymmetric chest expansion OR decreased chest expansion
  • Lungs are hyporesonant OR hyperresonant
  • Fine/coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally
  • Rhonchi
  • Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds
  • Expiratory wheezing OR inspiratory wheezing with normal OR delayed expiratory phase
  • Wheezing may be present
  • Egophony present/absent
  • Bronchophony present/absent
  • Normal/reduced tactile fremitus

Heart

  • Chest tenderness upon palpation
  • PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____
  • Heave / thrill
  • Friction rub
  • S1
  • S2
  • S3
  • S4
  • Gallops
  • A high/low grade early/late systolic murmur / diastolic murmur best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope

Abdomen

Back

  • Back examination of patients with DCM is usually normal

Genitourinary

  • Genitourinary examination of patients with DCM is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

  • Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.

OR

  • Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
  • Altered mental status
  • Glasgow coma scale is ___ / 15
  • Clonus may be present

Extremities

  • Cyanosis
  • Pitting/non-pitting edema of the upper/lower extremities

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