PODXL: Difference between revisions

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== Clinical significance ==
== Clinical significance ==


Podocalyxin is upregulated in a number of cancers and is frequently associated with poor prognosis<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Snyder KA, Hughes MR, Hedberg B, Brandon J, Hernaez DC, Bergqvist P, Cruz F, Po K, Graves ML, Turvey ME, Nielsen JS, Wilkins JA, McColl SR, Babcook JS, Roskelley CD, McNagny KM | title = Podocalyxin enhances breast tumor growth and metastasis and is a target for monoclonal antibody therapy | journal = Breast Cancer Research | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 46 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25887862 | doi = 10.1186/s13058-015-0562-7 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = McNagny KM, Hughes MR, Graves ML, DeBruin EJ, Snyder K, Cipollone J, Turvey M, Tan PC, McColl S, Roskelley CD | year = 2012 | chapter = Podocalyxin in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer | title = Advances in Cancer Management | veditors = Mohan R | isbn = 978-953-307-870-0 | publisher = InTech | doi = 10.5772/24274 }}</ref>. Based on patient survival data<ref>Uhlen et al (2017) Science 357 (6352): eaan2507. https://doi.org/doi:10.1126/science.aan2507</ref>, high level of PODXL transcripts in tumor cells is associated with poor prognosis in [http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128567-PODXL/pathology/tissue/renal+cancer renal cancer].
Podocalyxin is upregulated in a number of cancers and is frequently associated with poor prognosis<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Snyder KA, Hughes MR, Hedberg B, Brandon J, Hernaez DC, Bergqvist P, Cruz F, Po K, Graves ML, Turvey ME, Nielsen JS, Wilkins JA, McColl SR, Babcook JS, Roskelley CD, McNagny KM | title = Podocalyxin enhances breast tumor growth and metastasis and is a target for monoclonal antibody therapy | journal = Breast Cancer Research | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 46 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25887862 | doi = 10.1186/s13058-015-0562-7 | pmc=4423095}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = McNagny KM, Hughes MR, Graves ML, DeBruin EJ, Snyder K, Cipollone J, Turvey M, Tan PC, McColl S, Roskelley CD | year = 2012 | chapter = Podocalyxin in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer | title = Advances in Cancer Management | veditors = Mohan R | isbn = 978-953-307-870-0 | publisher = InTech | doi = 10.5772/24274 }}</ref>. Based on patient survival data<ref>Uhlen et al (2017) Science 357 (6352): eaan2507. https://doi.org/doi:10.1126/science.aan2507</ref>, high level of PODXL transcripts in tumor cells is associated with poor prognosis in [http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128567-PODXL/pathology/tissue/renal+cancer renal cancer].


== References ==
== References ==
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== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171–4 | date = Jan 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 171–4 | date = Jan 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kershaw DB, Beck SG, Wharram BL, Wiggins JE, Goyal M, Thomas PE, Wiggins RC | title = Molecular cloning and characterization of human podocalyxin-like protein. Orthologous relationship to rabbit PCLP1 and rat podocalyxin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 25 | pages = 15708–14 | date = Jun 1997 | pmid = 9188463 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.25.15708 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kershaw DB, Beck SG, Wharram BL, Wiggins JE, Goyal M, Thomas PE, Wiggins RC | title = Molecular cloning and characterization of human podocalyxin-like protein. Orthologous relationship to rabbit PCLP1 and rat podocalyxin | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 25 | pages = 15708–14 | date = Jun 1997 | pmid = 9188463 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.25.15708 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kershaw DB, Wiggins JE, Wharram BL, Wiggins RC | title = Assignment of the human podocalyxin-like protein (PODXL) gene to 7q32-q33 | journal = Genomics | volume = 45 | issue = 1 | pages = 239–40 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9339384 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4934 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kershaw DB, Wiggins JE, Wharram BL, Wiggins RC | title = Assignment of the human podocalyxin-like protein (PODXL) gene to 7q32-q33 | journal = Genomics | volume = 45 | issue = 1 | pages = 239–40 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9339384 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4934 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 149–56 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 149–56 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sassetti C, Tangemann K, Singer MS, Kershaw DB, Rosen SD | title = Identification of podocalyxin-like protein as a high endothelial venule ligand for L-selectin: parallels to CD34 | journal = The Journal of Experimental Medicine | volume = 187 | issue = 12 | pages = 1965–75 | date = Jun 1998 | pmid = 9625756 | pmc = 2212365 | doi = 10.1084/jem.187.12.1965 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sassetti C, Tangemann K, Singer MS, Kershaw DB, Rosen SD | title = Identification of podocalyxin-like protein as a high endothelial venule ligand for L-selectin: parallels to CD34 | journal = The Journal of Experimental Medicine | volume = 187 | issue = 12 | pages = 1965–75 | date = Jun 1998 | pmid = 9625756 | pmc = 2212365 | doi = 10.1084/jem.187.12.1965 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ | title = Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 97 | issue = 7 | pages = 3491–6 | date = Mar 2000 | pmid = 10737800 | pmc = 16267 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ | title = Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 97 | issue = 7 | pages = 3491–6 | date = Mar 2000 | pmid = 10737800 | pmc = 16267 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 }}

Latest revision as of 15:52, 9 March 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Podocalyxin-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PODXL gene.[1]

Function

This gene encodes a member of the CD34 sialomucin protein family.[2] The encoded protein was originally identified as an important component of glomerular podocytes. Inactivation of the encoding gene in mice leads to anuria, omphalocele and perinatal death.[3] Podocytes are highly differentiated epithelial cells with interdigitating foot processes covering the outer aspect of the glomerular basement membrane. Other biological activities of the encoded protein include: binding in a membrane protein complex with Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor to intracellular cytoskeletal elements, playing a role in hematopoetic cell differentiation, and being expressed in vascular endothelium cells and binding to L-selectin.[1]

Expression

The expression and localisation of PODXL in human cells, tissues and organs have been investigated by the Human Protein Atlas consortium[4]. According to antibody-based profiling, the protein is present in glomerular podocytes, endothelial cells, glandular cells in fallopian tube, uterus and seminal vesicle and according to RNA expression analysis, the PODXL transcripts are present in all analysed human tissues[5]. Based on confocal microscopy[6], the protein is mainly localised to the plasma membrane and microtubule organizing center and in addition localized to vesicles[7].

Interactions

PODXL has been shown to interact with Sodium-hydrogen exchange regulatory cofactor 2.[8][9][10]

Clinical significance

Podocalyxin is upregulated in a number of cancers and is frequently associated with poor prognosis[11][12]. Based on patient survival data[13], high level of PODXL transcripts in tumor cells is associated with poor prognosis in renal cancer.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: PODXL podocalyxin-like".
  2. ↑ Nielsen JS, McNagny KM (November 2008). "Novel functions of the CD34 family". Journal of Cell Science. 121 (Pt 22): 3683–92. doi:10.1242/jcs.037507. PMID 18987355.
  3. ↑ Doyonnas R, Kershaw DB, Duhme C, Merkens H, Chelliah S, Graf T, McNagny KM (July 2001). "Anuria, omphalocele, and perinatal lethality in mice lacking the CD34-related protein podocalyxin". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 194 (1): 13–27. doi:10.1084/jem.194.1.13. PMC 2193439. PMID 11435469.
  4. ↑ Uhlen et al (2015) Science 347: 1260419. https://doi.org/doi:10.1126/science.1260419
  5. ↑ http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128567-PODXL/tissue
  6. ↑ Thul et al (2017) Science 356 (6340): eaal3321. https://doi.org/doi:10.1126/science.aal3321
  7. ↑ http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128567-PODXL/cell
  8. ↑ Meder D, Shevchenko A, Simons K, Füllekrug J (Jan 2005). "Gp135/podocalyxin and NHERF-2 participate in the formation of a preapical domain during polarization of MDCK cells". The Journal of Cell Biology. 168 (2): 303–13. doi:10.1083/jcb.200407072. PMC 2171597. PMID 15642748.
  9. ↑ Takeda T, McQuistan T, Orlando RA, Farquhar MG (Jul 2001). "Loss of glomerular foot processes is associated with uncoupling of podocalyxin from the actin cytoskeleton". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 108 (2): 289–301. doi:10.1172/JCI12539. PMC 203027. PMID 11457882.
  10. ↑ Li Y, Li J, Straight SW, Kershaw DB (Jun 2002). "PDZ domain-mediated interaction of rabbit podocalyxin and Na(+)/H(+) exchange regulatory factor-2". American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology. 282 (6): F1129–39. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00131.2001. PMID 11997330.
  11. ↑ Snyder KA, Hughes MR, Hedberg B, Brandon J, Hernaez DC, Bergqvist P, Cruz F, Po K, Graves ML, Turvey ME, Nielsen JS, Wilkins JA, McColl SR, Babcook JS, Roskelley CD, McNagny KM (March 2015). "Podocalyxin enhances breast tumor growth and metastasis and is a target for monoclonal antibody therapy". Breast Cancer Research. 17 (1): 46. doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0562-7. PMC 4423095. PMID 25887862.
  12. ↑ McNagny KM, Hughes MR, Graves ML, DeBruin EJ, Snyder K, Cipollone J, Turvey M, Tan PC, McColl S, Roskelley CD (2012). "Podocalyxin in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer". In Mohan R. Advances in Cancer Management. InTech. doi:10.5772/24274. ISBN 978-953-307-870-0.
  13. ↑ Uhlen et al (2017) Science 357 (6352): eaan2507. https://doi.org/doi:10.1126/science.aan2507

Further reading

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