Cholangiocarcinoma echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions

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{{Cholangiocarcinoma}}
{{Cholangiocarcinoma}}
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{F.K}}, {{PSK}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
On abdominal [[ultrasound]], cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by obstruction and dilation of [[bile ducts]]. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by [[homogenous]] mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by capsular retraction. Intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass.


==Abdominal imaging==
==Echocardiography/Ultrasound==
[[Image:CT cholangioca.jpg|left|thumb|[[Computed tomography|CT scan]] showing cholangiocarcinoma]]
*Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of cholangiocarcinoma include:
*Arterial phase:
:*Peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement
:*Heterogeneous central hypoenhancement
*Portal venous phase/delayed phase:
:*Decreased echogenicity relative to background liver ("wash out")


[[Ultrasound]] of the [[liver]] and [[biliary tree]] is often used as the initial imaging modality in patients with suspected obstructive jaundice.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Saini S |title=Imaging of the hepatobiliary tract |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=336 |issue=26 |pages=1889–94 |year=1997 |id=PMID 9197218}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Sharma M, Ahuja V |title=Aetiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice and diagnostic ability of ultrasonography: a clinician's perspective |journal=Trop Gastroenterol |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=167-9 |year= |id=PMID 10769604}}</ref>
*Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include:
**Capsular retraction
**[[Homogeneous]] mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed [[liver]]


Ultrasound can identify obstruction and ductal dilatation and, in some cases, may be sufficient to diagnose cholangiocarcinoma.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bloom C, Langer B, Wilson S |title=Role of US in the detection, characterization, and staging of cholangiocarcinoma |journal=Radiographics |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=1199-218 |year= |id=PMID 10489176}}</ref>
*Findings on an [[ultrasound]] diagnostic of periductal infiltrating cholangiocarcinoma include:
**Altered caliber [[bile duct]] (narrowed or dilated) without a well-defined mass
 
*Findings on an [[ultrasound]] diagnostic of intraductal cholangiocarcinoma include:
**Alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Disease]]
 
[[Category:Rare cancers]]
[[Category:Rare diseases]]
 
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
 
[[Category:Hepatology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]


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Latest revision as of 16:30, 13 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2], Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [3]

Overview

On abdominal ultrasound, cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by obstruction and dilation of bile ducts. Mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by homogenous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by capsular retraction. Intraductal cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass.

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

  • Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of cholangiocarcinoma include:
  • Arterial phase:
  • Peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement
  • Heterogeneous central hypoenhancement
  • Portal venous phase/delayed phase:
  • Decreased echogenicity relative to background liver ("wash out")
  • Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include:
    • Capsular retraction
    • Homogeneous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver
  • Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of periductal infiltrating cholangiocarcinoma include:
    • Altered caliber bile duct (narrowed or dilated) without a well-defined mass
  • Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of intraductal cholangiocarcinoma include:
    • Alterations in duct caliber, usually duct ectasia with or without a visible mass

References

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