Wild-type (senile) amyloidosis history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabawoon Mirwais, M.B.B.S, M.D.[2]
Overview
The clinical features of wild-type (senile) amyloidosis depend on the type of organ or organ system involved. Cardiac and peripheral nerves involvement can result in clinically evident pathology. The most commonly involved organ is the heart and majority of the patients present with signs and symptoms of heart failure. Less common symptoms correspond to the involvement of organs or organ systems other than the heart.
History and Symptoms
History
- The clinical features of wild-type (senile) amyloidosis depend on the type of organ or organ system involved.
- Wild-type (senile) amyloidosis, classified as systemic amyloidosis, can involve any organ in the body.
- Cardiac and peripheral nerves involvement can result in clinically evident pathology.[1]
- The most commonly involved organ is the heart and majority of the patients present with signs and symptoms of heart failure.[2]
Common Symptoms
- Patients suffering from heart failure secondary to wild-type (senile) amyloidosis can present with:[2]
- Arrhythmias with associated symptoms, such as palpitations
- Syncope and presyncope
- Syncope on exertion is an ominous sign of cardiac amyloidosis, as these patients cannot augment their cardiac output due to poor filling of the ventricle (restrictive cardiomyopathy).[4]
- Postural hypotension may be observed in patients with subendothelial amyloid deposition.[5]
- Chest pain or chest discomfort [6][7]
- Non-specific symptoms such as:
Less Common Symptoms
- Less common symptoms correspond to the involvement of organs or organ systems other than the heart. These can include:
- Pain and tingling in the hands (resulting from carpal tunnel syndrome)[8]
- Blood in urine (resulting from urological lesions)
- Pain and tingling in the limbs (resulting from spinal stenosis)
References
- ↑ Ilia G. Halatchev, Jingsheng Zheng & Jiafu Ou (2018). "Wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRwt-CA), previously known as senile cardiac amyloidosis: clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and emerging therapies". Journal of thoracic disease. 10 (3): 2034–2045. doi:10.21037/jtd.2018.03.134. PMID 29707360. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Belinda Ng, Lawreen H. Connors, Ravin Davidoff, Martha Skinner & Rodney H. Falk (2005). "Senile systemic amyloidosis presenting with heart failure: a comparison with light chain-associated amyloidosis". Archives of internal medicine. 165 (12): 1425–1429. doi:10.1001/archinte.165.12.1425. PMID 15983293. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Kyle RA, Gertz MA (1995). "Primary systemic amyloidosis: clinical and laboratory features in 474 cases". Seminars in Hematology. 32 (1): 45–59. PMID 7878478. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help);|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ↑ Mugnai G, Cicoira M, Rossi A, Vassanelli C (2011). "Syncope in cardiac amyloidosis and chronic ischemic heart disease: A case report". Experimental and Clinical Cardiology. 16 (2): 51–3. PMC 3126684. PMID 21747665.
- ↑ Rapezzi C, Perugini E, Salvi F, Grigioni F, Riva L, Cooke RM, Ferlini A, Rimessi P, Bacchi-Reggiani L, Ciliberti P, Pastorelli F, Leone O, Bartolomei I, Pinna AD, Arpesella G, Branzi A (2006). "Phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity in transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis: towards tailoring of therapeutic strategies?". Amyloid : the International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Investigation : the Official Journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis. 13 (3): 143–53. doi:10.1080/13506120600877136. PMID 17062380. Retrieved 2012-02-13. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Mueller PS, Edwards WD, Gertz MA (2000). "Symptomatic ischemic heart disease resulting from obstructive intramural coronary amyloidosis". The American Journal of Medicine. 109 (3): 181–8. PMID 10974179. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Al Suwaidi J, Velianou JL, Gertz MA; et al. (1999). "Systemic amyloidosis presenting with angina pectoris". Annals of Internal Medicine. 131 (11): 838–41. PMID 10610629. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Yoshiki Sekijima, Shigeharu Uchiyama, Kana Tojo, Kenji Sano, Yusaku Shimizu, Toshihiko Imaeda, Yoshibonu Hoshii, Hiroyuki Kato & Shu-ichi Ikeda (2011). "High prevalence of wild-type transthyretin deposition in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome: a common cause of carpal tunnel syndrome in the elderly". Human pathology. 42 (11): 1785–1791. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2011.03.004. PMID 21733562. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)