Urinary bladder hernia

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Usually considered that 1–3% of all inguinal hernias involve the urinary bladder.

Most bladder hernias involve the inguinal and femoral canals (herniations through ischiorectal, obturator, and abdominal wall openings have also been described.

Predilection for the right side has been reported.

Any portion of the bladder may herniate, from a small portion or a bladder diverticulum to most of the bladder.

A variety of factors can contribute to the development of bladder hernias (i.e. urinary outlet obstruction causing chronic bladder distention and contact of the bladder wall with the hernia orifices, obesity, presence of space-occupying pelvic masses).

Most bladder hernias are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during surgery or imaging studies performed for other purposes.

Patients with large hernias may have specific symptoms, such as reduction in size of the hernia mass after micturition and two-stage micturition (patient empties the normally located bladder, then voids again after manual compression of the hernia sac).

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