Tumour necrosis factor
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Overview
Tumor necrosis factors (or the TNF-family) refers to a group of cytokines family that can cause apoptosis.
Mechanism
TNF acts via the TNF Receptor (TNF-R) and is part of the extrinsic pathway for triggering apoptosis. TNF-R is associated with procaspases through adapter proteins (FADD, TRADD, etc.) that can cleave other inactive procaspases and trigger the caspase cascade, irreversibly committing the cell to apoptosis.
TNF interacts with tumor cells to trigger cytolysis or cell death.
TNF can interact with receptors on epithelial cells, which leads to increased vascular permeability allowing leukocytes access to the site of infection. This is a type of localized inflammatory response, although systemic release may lead to septic shock and death.
Types
- Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is the most well-known member of this class, and sometimes referred to when the term "tumor necrosis factor" is used.
- Tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) is a cytokine that is induced by interleukin 10 [1]
References
- ↑ Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English. ISBN-10: 0781795435. ISBN-13: 978-0781795432. Page 68
External links
Cytokines: Tumor necrosis factors | |
|---|---|
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha | |
| Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily | 4-1BB ligand - B-cell activating factor - FAS ligand - Lymphotoxin - OX40L - RANKL - TRAIL |
| Cluster of differentiation | CD70 - CD153 - CD154 |
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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
