Toxic megacolon diagnostic study of choice

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]

Overview

The diagnostic criteria for toxic megacolon is Jalan diagnostic criteria. It is based on clinical findings, physical exam signs and lab findings.

Diagnostic study of choice

Diagnostic criteria

The diagnosis of toxic megacolon is based on the Jalan's criteria, which includes:^[1]^[2]
1. Fever > 101.5°F (38.6°C)
2. Heart rate > 120 beats/min
3. White blood cell count > 10.5 (109/L)
4. Anemia
5. Plus one of the following criteria:
  - Dehydration
  - Mental changes
  - Electrolyte disturbances
  - Hypotension

Interpretation of criteria

In order to make a diagnosis of toxic megacolon, the features numbered 1-4 should all be present plus one of either dehydration, mental changes, electrolyte disturbances or hypotension should also be present.

References

↑ Gan, S. Ian; Beck, P. L. (2003). "A new look at toxic megacolon: an update and review of incidence, etiology, pathogenesis, and management". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 98 (11): 2363–2371. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07696.x. ISSN 0002-9270.
↑ Jalan KN, Sircus W, Card WI, Falconer CW, Bruce CB, Crean GP, McManus JP, Small WP, Smith AN (1969). "An experience of ulcerative colitis. I. Toxic dilation in 55 cases". Gastroenterology. 57 (1): 68–82. PMID 5305933.

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[GanBeck2003-1] Gan, S. Ian; Beck, P. L. (2003). "A new look at toxic megacolon: an update and review of incidence, etiology, pathogenesis, and management". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 98 (11): 2363–2371. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07696.x. ISSN 0002-9270.

[pmid5305933-2] Jalan KN, Sircus W, Card WI, Falconer CW, Bruce CB, Crean GP, McManus JP, Small WP, Smith AN (1969). "An experience of ulcerative colitis. I. Toxic dilation in 55 cases". Gastroenterology. 57 (1): 68–82. PMID 5305933.

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