Sodium iodide

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Solubility of NaI in various solvents (g NaI / 100g of solvent at 25°C)
Image:Sodium iodide.jpg
Image:Sodium-iodide-3D-ionic.png
Identifiers
CAS number	7681-82-5
RTECS number	WB6475000
Properties
Molecular formula	NaI
Molar mass	149.89 g/mol
Appearance	White solid.
Density	3.67 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	660°C
Boiling point	1304°C
Solubility in water	184 g/100 ml (25°C)
Structure
Coordination geometry	Octahedral
Hazards
EU classification	Irritant (I).
NFPA 704	0 2 1
R-phrases	R36, R38, R42, R43, R61
S-phrases	S26, S36, S37, S39
Flash point	Non-flammable.
Related Compounds
Other anions	Sodium fluoride Sodium chloride Sodium bromide
Other cations	Lithium iodide Potassium iodide
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Sodium iodide is a white, crystalline salt with chemical formula NaI used in radiation detection, treatment of iodine deficiency, and as a reactant in the Finkelstein reaction.

H2O	184
Liquid ammonia	162
Liquid sulfur dioxide	15
Methanol	62.5 - 83.0
Formic acid	61.8
Acetonitrile	24.9
Acetone	28.0
Formamide	57 - 85
Acetamide	32.3
Dimethylformamide	3.7 - 6.4
[1]

Uses

Sodium iodide is commonly used to treat and prevent iodine deficiency.

Sodium iodide is used in polymerase chain reactions, and also (as an acetone solution) in the Finkelstein reaction, for conversion of an alkyl chloride into an alkyl iodide. This relies on the insolubility of sodium chloride in acetone to drive the reaction.

R-Template:Chlorine + Template:SodiumTemplate:Iodine → R-Template:Iodine + Template:SodiumTemplate:Chlorine

Solid crystals of sodium iodide can be used to detect radiation (e.g. radiation from uranium) - a solid crystal of sodium iodide creates a pulse of light when radiation interacts with it.^[2]

Sodium iodide crystals doped with thallium, NaI(Tl), when subjected to ionising radiation, emit photons (scintillate) and are used in scintillation detectors, traditionally in nuclear medicine, geophysics, nuclear physics, environmental measurements, etc. NaI(Tl) is the most widely used scintillation material and has the highest light output. The crystals are usually coupled with a photomultiplier tube, in a hermetically sealed assembly, as sodium iodide is hygroscopic. Fine tuning of some parameters (radiation hardness, afterglow, transparency) can be achieved by varying the conditions of the crystal growth. Crystals with higher level of doping are used in X-ray detectors with high spectrometric quality. Sodium iodide can be used both as single crystals and as polycrystals for this purpose.

Notes, references

1. ↑ Burgess, J. "Metal Ions in Solution" (Ellis Horwood, New York, 1978) ISBN 0-85312-027-7
2. ↑ DIY Nuke Detector Patrols SF Bay

See also

Scintillation counter

Gamma spectroscopy

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 1009.
• External MSDS Data Sheet.
• Sodium Iodide's use in medicine.Template:Inorganic-compound-stub

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