Polymyositis and dermatomyositis other diagnostic studies
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]
Overview
Electromyogram may be helpful in the diagnosis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Findings suggestive of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include delay in electrical signals between the muscles and nerves when they are stimulated, polyphasic, short, small motor-unit potentials, and fibrillation, positive sharp waves, increased insertional irritability. The first sign of improvement in polymyositis and dermatomyositis is the disappearance of fibrillation potentials. Electromyogram may also be used to identifying active sites of myositis for biopsy, follow up, and the treatment efficacy. Skin biopsy may be used in dermatomyositis, which demonstrates poikiloderma, epidermal atrophy, and liquefaction degeneration of the basal cells. Histochemical staining might be helpful to differentiate polymyositis and dermatomyositis from lower-motor-neuron diseases.
Other Diagnostic Studies
- Electromyogram may be helpful in the diagnosis of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Findings suggestive of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include:[1][2][3][4][5]
- Delay in electrical signals between the muscles and nerves when they are stimulated
- Polyphasic, short, small motor-unit potentials
- Fibrillation, positive sharp waves, increased insertional irritability
- Bizarre, high-frequency, repetitive discharges
- Electromyogram may also be used to:
- Identifying active sites of myositis for biopsy
- Follow up the treatment efficacy. The first sign of improvement in polymyositis and dermatomyositis is the disappearance of fibrillation potentials.
- Exclude all the other causes of denervations
- Skin biopsy may be used in dermatomyositis, which demonstrates:
- Poikiloderma
- Epidermal atrophy
- Liquefaction degeneration of the basal cells
- Vascular dilatation
- Lymphocytic infiltration of the dermis
- Other diagnostic studies for polymyositis and dermatomyositis include:
- Histochemical staining, which differentiate polymyositis and dermatomyositis from lower-motor-neuron diseases.
References
- ↑ Bohan, Anthony; Peter, James B. (1975). "Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis". New England Journal of Medicine. 292 (8): 403–407. doi:10.1056/NEJM197502202920807. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Dobloug, Cecilie; Garen, Torhild; Bitter, Helle; Stjärne, Johan; Stenseth, Guri; Grøvle, Lars; Sem, Marthe; Gran, Jan Tore; Molberg, Øyvind (2015). "Prevalence and clinical characteristics of adult polymyositis and dermatomyositis; data from a large and unselected Norwegian cohort". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 74 (8): 1551–1556. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205127. ISSN 0003-4967.
- ↑ Chinoy, H.; Fertig, N.; Oddis, C. V; Ollier, W. E R; Cooper, R. G (2007). "The diagnostic utility of myositis autoantibody testing for predicting the risk of cancer-associated myositis". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 66 (10): 1345–1349. doi:10.1136/ard.2006.068502. ISSN 0003-4967.
- ↑ Dalakas, Marinos C; Hohlfeld, Reinhard (2003). "Polymyositis and dermatomyositis". The Lancet. 362 (9388): 971–982. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14368-1. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Douglas, William W.; Tazelaar, Henry D.; Hartman, Thomas E.; Hartman, Robert P.; Decker, Paul A.; Schroeder, Darrell R.; Ryu, Jay H. (2001). "Polymyositis–Dermatomyositis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 164 (7): 1182–1185. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.7.2103110. ISSN 1073-449X.