Percutaneous coronary intervention coronary angiography strategies in STEMI

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Overview

PCI Approaches:

CAD Revascularization:

Heart Team Approach to Revascularization Decisions
Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Intervention in left main coronary artery disease
Non-Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Revascularization to Improve Symptoms
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Compliance and Stent Thrombosis
Hybrid Coronary Revascularization

Pre-procedural Considerations:

Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Anaphylactoid Reactions
Statin Treatment
Bleeding Risk
Role of Onsite Surgical Backup

Procedural Considerations:

Vascular Access
PCI in Specific Clinical Situations:
Asymptomatic Ischemia or CCS Class I or II Angina
CCS Class III Angina
Unstable Angina/Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction:
General and Specific Considerations
Coronary Angiography Strategies in STEMI
Primary PCI of the Infarct Artery
Delayed or Elective PCI in patients with STEMI
Fibrinolytic-Ineligible Patients
Facilitated PCI
Rescue PCI
After Successful Fibrinolysis or for Patients Not Undergoing Primary Reperfusion
Cardiogenic Shock
Prior Coronary Bypass Surgery
Revascularization Before Non-cardiac Surgery
Adjunctive Diagnostic Devices:
Fractional Flow Reserve
Intravascular Ultrasound
Adjunctive Therapeutic Devices:
Coronary Atherectomy
Thrombectomy
Laser Angioplasty
Cutting Balloon Angioplasty
Embolic Protection Devices
Percutaneous Hemodynamic Support Devices
Antiplatelet therapy:
Oral Antiplatelet Therapy
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists
Intravenous Antiplatelet therapy:
STEMI
UA/NSTEMI
SIHD
Anticoagulant Therapy:
Parenteral Anticoagulants During PCI
Unfractionated Heparin
Enoxaparin
Bivalirudin and Argatroban
Fondaparinux
No-Reflow Pharmacological Therapies
PCI in Specific Anatomic Situations:
Chronic Total Occlusions
Saphenous Vein Grafts
Bifurcation Lesions
Aorto-Ostial Stenoses
Calcified Lesions
PCI in Specific Patient Populations:
Chronic Kidney Disease
Peri-procedural Myocardial Infarction Assessment
Vascular Closure Devices

Post-Procedural Considerations:

Post-procedural Antiplatelet Therapy
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Antiplatelet Therapy
Clopidogrel Genetic Testing
Platelet Function Testing
Restenosis
Exercise Testing
Cardiac Rehabilitation

Quality and Performance Considerations:

Quality and Performance
Certification and Maintenance of Certification
Operator and Institutional Competency and Volume

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Coronary Angiography Strategies in patients of STEMI[1] (DO NOT EDIT)

Class I

"1. A strategy of immediate coronary angiography with intent to perform PCI (or emergency CABG) in patients with STEMI is recommended for:

a. Patients who are candidates for primary PCI.[2][3][4][5][6] (Level of Evidence: A)
b. Patients with severe heart failure or cardiogenic shock who are suitable candidates for revascularization.[7][8] (Level of Evidence: B)"
Class IIa

"1. A strategy of immediate coronary angiography (or transfer for immediate coronary angiography) with intent to perform PCI is reasonable for patients with STEMI, a moderate to large area of myocardium at risk, and evidence of failed fibrinolysis.[9][10] (Level of Evidence: B)"

"2. A strategy of coronary angiography (or transfer for coronary angiography) 3 to 24 hours after initiating fibrinolytic therapy with intent to perform PCI is reasonable for hemodynamically stable patients with STEMI and evidence for successful fibrinolysis when angiography and revascularization can be performed as soon as logistically feasible in this time frame.[11][12][13][14][15] (Level of Evidence: A)"

References

  1. ↑ Levine GN, Bates ER, Blankenship JC, Bailey SR, Bittl JA, Cercek B, Chambers CE, Ellis SG, Guyton RA, Hollenberg SM, Khot UN, Lange RA, Mauri L, Mehran R, Moussa ID, Mukherjee D, Nallamothu BK, Ting HH (2011). "2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Executive Summary A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions" (PDF). Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 58 (24): 2550–83. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.006. PMID 22070837. Retrieved 2011-12-08. Text "PDF" ignored (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Aversano T, Aversano LT, Passamani E, Knatterud GL, Terrin ML, Williams DO, Forman SA (2002). "Thrombolytic therapy vs primary percutaneous coronary intervention for myocardial infarction in patients presenting to hospitals without on-site cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial". JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 287 (15): 1943–51. PMID 11960536. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Keeley EC, Boura JA, Grines CL (2003). "Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials". Lancet. 361 (9351): 13–20. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12113-7. PMID 12517460. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Zijlstra F, de Boer MJ, Hoorntje JC, Reiffers S, Reiber JH, Suryapranata H (1993). "A comparison of immediate coronary angioplasty with intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction". The New England Journal of Medicine. 328 (10): 680–4. doi:10.1056/NEJM199303113281002. PMID 8433726. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ Keeley EC, Grines CL (2004). "Primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction". JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 291 (6): 736–9. doi:10.1001/jama.291.6.736. PMID 14871919. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Keeley EC, Hillis LD (2007). "Primary PCI for myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation". The New England Journal of Medicine. 356 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMct063503. PMID 17202455. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Wu AH, Parsons L, Every NR, Bates ER (2002). "Hospital outcomes in patients presenting with congestive heart failure complicating acute myocardial infarction: a report from the Second National Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI-2)". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 40 (8): 1389–94. PMID 12392826. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  8. ↑ Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, Webb JG, Sanborn TA, White HD, Talley JD, Buller CE, Jacobs AK, Slater JN, Col J, McKinlay SM, LeJemtel TH (1999). "Early revascularization in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. SHOCK Investigators. Should We Emergently Revascularize Occluded Coronaries for Cardiogenic Shock". The New England Journal of Medicine. 341 (9): 625–34. doi:10.1056/NEJM199908263410901. PMID 10460813. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ Gershlick AH, Stephens-Lloyd A, Hughes S, Abrams KR, Stevens SE, Uren NG, de Belder A, Davis J, Pitt M, Banning A, Baumbach A, Shiu MF, Schofield P, Dawkins KD, Henderson RA, Oldroyd KG, Wilcox R (2005). "Rescue angioplasty after failed thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction". The New England Journal of Medicine. 353 (26): 2758–68. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa050849. PMID 16382062. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. ↑ Wijeysundera HC, Vijayaraghavan R, Nallamothu BK, Foody JM, Krumholz HM, Phillips CO, Kashani A, You JJ, Tu JV, Ko DT (2007). "Rescue angioplasty or repeat fibrinolysis after failed fibrinolytic therapy for ST-segment myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 49 (4): 422–30. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.09.033. PMID 17258087. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ Bøhmer E, Hoffmann P, Abdelnoor M, Arnesen H, Halvorsen S (2010). "Efficacy and safety of immediate angioplasty versus ischemia-guided management after thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction in areas with very long transfer distances results of the NORDISTEMI (NORwegian study on DIstrict treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction)". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 55 (2): 102–10. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.007. PMID 19747792. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ Di Mario C, Dudek D, Piscione F, Mielecki W, Savonitto S, Murena E, Dimopoulos K, Manari A, Gaspardone A, Ochala A, Zmudka K, Bolognese L, Steg PG, Flather M (2008). "Immediate angioplasty versus standard therapy with rescue angioplasty after thrombolysis in the Combined Abciximab REteplase Stent Study in Acute Myocardial Infarction (CARESS-in-AMI): an open, prospective, randomised, multicentre trial". Lancet. 371 (9612): 559–68. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60268-8. PMID 18280326. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ Fernandez-Avilés F, Alonso JJ, Castro-Beiras A, Vázquez N, Blanco J, Alonso-Briales J, López-Mesa J, Fernández-Vazquez F, Calvo I, Martínez-Elbal L, San Román JA, Ramos B (2004). "Routine invasive strategy within 24 hours of thrombolysis versus ischaemia-guided conservative approach for acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (GRACIA-1): a randomised controlled trial". Lancet. 364 (9439): 1045–53. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17059-1. PMID 15380963. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
  14. ↑ Borgia F, Goodman SG, Halvorsen S, Cantor WJ, Piscione F, Le May MR, Fernández-Avilés F, Sánchez PL, Dimopoulos K, Scheller B, Armstrong PW, Di Mario C (2010). "Early routine percutaneous coronary intervention after fibrinolysis vs. standard therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis". European Heart Journal. 31 (17): 2156–69. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq204. PMID 20601393. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  15. ↑ Cantor WJ, Fitchett D, Borgundvaag B, Ducas J, Heffernan M, Cohen EA, Morrison LJ, Langer A, Dzavik V, Mehta SR, Lazzam C, Schwartz B, Casanova A, Goodman SG (2009). "Routine early angioplasty after fibrinolysis for acute myocardial infarction". The New England Journal of Medicine. 360 (26): 2705–18. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0808276. PMID 19553646. Retrieved 2011-12-07. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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