Pancreas divisum (patient information)
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Pancreas divisum |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-in-Chief: Meagan E. Doherty
Overview
Pancreas divisum is a birth defect in which parts of the pancreas fail to join together. The pancreas is a long flat organ located between the stomach and spine that is involved in food digestion.
What are the symptoms of Pancreas divisum?
- Abdominal pain, usually in the mid-abdomen, that may be felt in the back
- Abdominal swelling (distention)
- Nausea or vomiting
These symptoms will only occur if you develop pancreatitis from pancreas divisum.
What causes Pancreas divisum?
Pancreas divisum is the most common birth defect of the pancreas. In many cases this defect goes undetected and causes no problems. The cause of the defect is unknown. As a baby develops in the womb, two separate pieces of tissue join together to form the pancreas. Each part has a tube, called a duct. When the parts join together, a final duct called the pancreatic duct is formed. Fluid and digestive chemicals (enzymes) produced by the pancreas normally flow through this duct.
If the ducts fail to join together while the baby is developing in the womb, pancreas divisum results. Fluid from the two parts of the pancreas drains into separate areas of the upper portion of the small intestine (duodenum).
If the pancreatic ducts become blocked, swelling and tissue damage (pancreatitis) may develop.
Diagnosis
A health care professional will administer one or more of the following diagnostic tests
- Abdominal CT scan
- Amylase and lipase blood test
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
- Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
Diseases with similar symptoms
When to seek urgent medical care?
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of this disorder.
Treatment options
If you have this condition and have symptoms or pancreatitis that keeps returning, your doctor may recommend surgery.
Where to find medical care for Pancreas divisum?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Pancreas divisum
Prevention
Because this condition is present at birth, there is no known way to prevent it.
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
The outcome is usually good.
Possible complications
The main complication of pancreas divisum is pancreatitis.