PPARG

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, also known as PPARG, is a human gene.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
File:PBB Protein PPARG image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1fm6.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1fm6​, 1fm9​, 1i7i​, 1k74​, 1knu​, 1nyx​, 1prg​, 1rdt​, 1wm0​, 1zeo​, 1zgy​, 2ath​, 2f4b​, 2fvj​, 2g0g​, 2g0h​, 2gtk​, 2hfp​, 2i4j​, 2i4p​, 2i4z​, 2om9​, 2prg​, 3prg​, 4prg​
Identifiers
Symbols	PPARG ; NR1C3; PPARG1; PPARG2
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 7899
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE PPARG 208510 s at.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described.

Further reading

• Qi C, Zhu Y, Reddy JK (2001). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, coactivators, and downstream targets". Cell Biochem. Biophys. 32 Spring: 187–204. PMID 11330046.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kadowaki T, Hara K, Kubota N; et al. (2002). "The role of PPARgamma in high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance". J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 (1): 41–5. PMID 11872365.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wakino S, Law RE, Hsueh WA (2002). "Vascular protective effects by activation of nuclear receptor PPARgamma". J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 (1): 46–9. PMID 11872366.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Takano H, Komuro I (2002). "Roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in cardiovascular disease". J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 (1): 108–14. PMID 11872377.
• Stumvoll M, Häring H (2002). "The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 Pro12Ala polymorphism". Diabetes. 51 (8): 2341–7. PMID 12145143.
• Koeffler HP (2003). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and cancers". Clin. Cancer Res. 9 (1): 1–9. PMID 12538445.
• Puigserver P, Spiegelman BM (2003). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha): transcriptional coactivator and metabolic regulator". Endocr. Rev. 24 (1): 78–90. PMID 12588810.
• Takano H, Hasegawa H, Nagai T, Komuro I (2003). "The role of PPARgamma-dependent pathway in the development of cardiac hypertrophy". Drugs Today. 39 (5): 347–57. PMID 12861348.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Rangwala SM, Lazar MA (2004). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in diabetes and metabolism". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 25 (6): 331–6. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2004.03.012. PMID 15165749.
• Cuzzocrea S (2005). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma ligands and ischemia and reperfusion injury". Vascul. Pharmacol. 41 (6): 187–95. doi:10.1016/j.vph.2004.10.004. PMID 15653094.
• Pégorier JP (2005). "[PPAR receptors and insulin sensitivity: new agonists in development]". Ann. Endocrinol. (Paris). 66 (2 Pt 2): 1S10–7. PMID 15959400.
• Tsai YS, Maeda N (2005). "PPARgamma: a critical determinant of body fat distribution in humans and mice". Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 15 (3): 81–5. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2005.04.002. PMID 16039966.
• Gurnell M (2006). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and the regulation of adipocyte function: lessons from human genetic studies". Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 19 (4): 501–23. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2005.10.001. PMID 16311214.
• Cecil JE, Watt P, Palmer CN, Hetherington M (2006). "Energy balance and food intake: the role of PPARgamma gene polymorphisms". Physiol. Behav. 88 (3): 227–33. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.028. PMID 16777151.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Rousseaux C, Desreumaux P (2007). "[The peroxisome-proliferator-activated gamma receptor and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (PPARgamma and IBD)]". J. Soc. Biol. 200 (2): 121–31. PMID 17151549.
• Eriksson JG (2007). "Gene polymorphisms, size at birth, and the development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes". J. Nutr. 137 (4): 1063–5. PMID 17374678.
• Burgermeister E, Seger R (2007). "MAPK kinases as nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttles for PPARgamma". Cell Cycle. 6 (13): 1539–48. PMID 17611413.