Magnesium hydroxide
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| Magnesium hydroxide | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Milk of magnesia |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | Mg(OH)2 |
| Molar mass | 58.33 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Density | 2.4 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
350 °C, dec. |
| Solubility in water | 1.2 mg/100 mL |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH | -925 kJ/mol |
| Standard molar entropy S | 63 J/mol/K |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
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Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg(OH)2. As a suspension in water, it may be referred to as Milk of Magnesia. The mineral form of magnesium hydroxide is known as brucite.
Magnesium hydroxide is common component of antacids and laxatives. Magnesium hydroxide interferes with the absorption of folic acid and iron. The diarrhea caused by magnesium hydroxide carries away much of the body's supply of potassium, and failure to take extra potassium will lead to muscle cramps.[citation needed]
Magnesium hydroxide is very poorly soluble in water, with a Ksp of 1.5x10-11. As it does not completely dissociate and therefore is a weak base.
Preparation
Magnesium hydroxide is commercially available, and there is no need to prepare it in the laboratory. However, it can be precipitated by the metathesis reaction between magnesium salts and Sodium, Potassium, or Ammonium hydroxide:
- Mg2+ (aq) + 2OH− (aq) → Mg(OH)2 ↓
Uses
Magnesium hydroxide is used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid. In industries, it is used as a non-hazardous alkali to neutralise acidic wastewaters. In addition, magnesium hydroxide, better known as its common name Milk of Magnesia can be used as a non antiperspirant armpit deodorant.[citation needed] It is also used in bleaching solutions to whiten clothes.[citation needed]
References
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
