Horseshoe kidney history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The majority of patients with horseshoe kidney are asymptomatic. The most common symptoms of horseshoe kidney include abdominal or flank pain, abdominal mass, hematuria and pyuria.
History and Symptoms
- The majority of patients with horseshoe are asymptomatic.
History
Patients with horseshoe may have a positive history of:
- Renal stones due to obstruction, urinary stasis and infection or due to some metabolic abnormalities like hypercalcuria and hypocitraturia[1][2]
- Recurrent urinary tract infection due to increased urinary stasis
- Hydronephrosis due to urinary tract obstruction
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of horseshoe include:
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of horseshoe kidney include:
References
- ↑ Raj GV, Auge BK, Assimos D, Preminger GM (2004). "Metabolic abnormalities associated with renal calculi in patients with horseshoe kidneys". J Endourol. 18 (2): 157–61. doi:10.1089/089277904322959798. PMID 15072623.
- ↑ Prevoo W, van den Munckhof MP, Meinhardt W, Horenblas S, van den Bosch MA (2010). "Radiofrequency ablation of kidney tumours in patients with a solitary kidney". Clin Radiol. 65 (3): 230–6. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2009.11.007. PMID 20152280.