Ehrlichiosis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ilan Dock, B.S.
Overview
The primary risk factors associated with Ehrlichiosis are exposure to an endemic environment and the season of exposure. Lone Star ticks have been identified as the primary vector of E. ewingii and E. chaffeensis infections, thus being bitten in an endemic area may result in the contraction of the disease. (The primary vector of E. muris has not yet been verified.)[1]
Risk Factors
Tick Bites
- Individuals with frequent exposure to wooded areas or areas with high grass may be at increased risk of infection.
Region of Exposure
- The highest incidence rates have been reported in Oklahoma, Missouri, and Arkansas. (Accounting for 30% of all reported cases)
- E.ewingii and E.chaffeensis organisms have been responsible for cases that have been reported in the Southeastern and South central United States
- E.muris is responsible for infections reported in Missouri and Wisconsin.
Season of Exposure
- Ehrlichiosis may be contracted year-round, however the highest incidence rates have been reported during the months of June and July.[2]
Patient Profile
- Elderly are more prone to infection
- Immuno-compromised patients are more likely to experience severe symptoms or death by an opportunistic pathogen
References
- ↑ Ehrlichiosis Symptoms. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/ehrlichiosis/symptoms/index.html Accessed on December 30, 2015
- ↑ Ehrlichiosis Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/ehrlichiosis/stats/ Accessed on December 30, 2015