Zollinger-Ellison syndrome history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]
Overview
Symptoms of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome include diarrhea, odynophagia, nausea, and hematemesis .
History and Symptoms
Patients with Zollinger–Ellison syndrome may experience abdominal pain and diarrhea. The diagnosis is also suspected in patients without symptoms who have severe ulceration of the stomach and small bowel, especially if they fail to respond to treatment. Patients with Zollinger–Ellison syndrome may present with the following symptoms:[1]
- Chronic diarrhea
- Steatorrhea
- Odynophagia
- Nausea
- Wheezing
- Hematemesis
- Malnourishment
- Weight loss
- loss of appetite
Gastrinomas may occur as single tumors or as multiple, small tumors. About one-half to two-thirds of single gastrinomas are malignant tumors that most commonly spread to the liver and lymph node near the pancreas and small bowel. Nearly 25 percent of patients with gastrinomas have multiple tumors as part of a condition called multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN I). MEN I patients have tumors in their pituitary gland and parathyroid glands, in addition to tumors of the pancreas.