WBR0925: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
|MainCategory=Behavioral Science/Psychiatry | |MainCategory=Behavioral Science/Psychiatry | ||
|SubCategory=General Principles | |SubCategory=General Principles | ||
|Prompt=Mother of a 6 year old boy comes to the clinic with her son. She | |Prompt=Mother of a 6-year-old boy comes to the clinic with her son. She explains that her son often wakes up during the night screaming and continues to cries inconsolably. However, in the morning he appears to be normal and doesn’t remember anything about waking up and crying the previous night. Which of the following wave forms are most likely to occur during patient's episodes? | ||
|Explanation=Sleep terror is a type of parasomnia which | |Explanation=Sleep terror is a type of parasomnia which is most likely to occur during stages 3 and 4 of non-rapid eye mobvement (NREM) sleep, also known as delta sleep and slow wave sleep, characterized by the highest amplitude and the lowest frequency. Other parasomnias such as bed wetting and sleep walking also occur during the delta stage. The most common age group impacted by sleep terrors is from 4-12 years. Commonly, the sleep terrors are commonly associated with waking up in panic, inconsolable crying, autonomic arousal (tachycardia, sweating and hyperventilation), no memory of the episode and no recollection of any nightmare. Often, the recommendations provided are reassurance and proper sleep hygiene. | ||
|AnswerA=Theta waves | |AnswerA=Theta waves | ||
|AnswerAExp=Theta waves occur mostly during | |AnswerAExp=Theta waves occur mostly during stage 1 NREM sleep. | ||
|AnswerB=Beta waves | |AnswerB=Beta waves | ||
|AnswerBExp=Beta waves are characteristic of REM sleep and are also | |AnswerBExp=Beta waves are characteristic of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and are also demonstrated when a person is awake and alert. Nightmares occur during REM sleep which may present similar symptoms, but with a nightmare the child usually has memory of the dream. | ||
|AnswerC=Sleep spindles and K complexes | |AnswerC=Sleep spindles and K complexes | ||
|AnswerCExp=Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristics of NREM stage 2. Bruxism occurs commonly during this stage. | |AnswerCExp=Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristics of NREM stage 2. [[Bruxism]] occurs commonly during this stage. | ||
|AnswerD=Delta waves | |AnswerD=Delta waves | ||
|AnswerDExp=Sleep terrors occur during delta sleep ( | |AnswerDExp=Sleep terrors occur during delta sleep (stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep) characterized by delta waves. | ||
|AnswerE=Alpha waves | |AnswerE=Alpha waves | ||
|AnswerEExp=Alpha waves are found in EEG when a person is awake with eyes | |AnswerEExp=Alpha waves are found in EEG when a person is awake with closed eyes. | ||
|RightAnswer=D | |RightAnswer=D | ||
|WBRKeyword=Sleep, sleep terrors | |WBRKeyword=Sleep, sleep terrors | ||
|Approved=No | |Approved=No | ||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 14:47, 1 July 2014
| Author | [[PageAuthor::Twinkle Singh, M.B.B.S. [1]]] |
|---|---|
| Exam Type | ExamType::USMLE Step 1 |
| Main Category | MainCategory::Behavioral Science/Psychiatry |
| Sub Category | SubCategory::General Principles |
| Prompt | [[Prompt::Mother of a 6-year-old boy comes to the clinic with her son. She explains that her son often wakes up during the night screaming and continues to cries inconsolably. However, in the morning he appears to be normal and doesn’t remember anything about waking up and crying the previous night. Which of the following wave forms are most likely to occur during patient's episodes?]] |
| Answer A | AnswerA::Theta waves |
| Answer A Explanation | AnswerAExp::Theta waves occur mostly during stage 1 NREM sleep. |
| Answer B | AnswerB::Beta waves |
| Answer B Explanation | [[AnswerBExp::Beta waves are characteristic of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and are also demonstrated when a person is awake and alert. Nightmares occur during REM sleep which may present similar symptoms, but with a nightmare the child usually has memory of the dream.]] |
| Answer C | AnswerC::Sleep spindles and K complexes |
| Answer C Explanation | [[AnswerCExp::Sleep spindles and K complexes are characteristics of NREM stage 2. Bruxism occurs commonly during this stage.]] |
| Answer D | AnswerD::Delta waves |
| Answer D Explanation | AnswerDExp::Sleep terrors occur during delta sleep (stages 3 and 4 NREM sleep) characterized by delta waves. |
| Answer E | AnswerE::Alpha waves |
| Answer E Explanation | AnswerEExp::Alpha waves are found in EEG when a person is awake with closed eyes. |
| Right Answer | RightAnswer::D |
| Explanation | [[Explanation::Sleep terror is a type of parasomnia which is most likely to occur during stages 3 and 4 of non-rapid eye mobvement (NREM) sleep, also known as delta sleep and slow wave sleep, characterized by the highest amplitude and the lowest frequency. Other parasomnias such as bed wetting and sleep walking also occur during the delta stage. The most common age group impacted by sleep terrors is from 4-12 years. Commonly, the sleep terrors are commonly associated with waking up in panic, inconsolable crying, autonomic arousal (tachycardia, sweating and hyperventilation), no memory of the episode and no recollection of any nightmare. Often, the recommendations provided are reassurance and proper sleep hygiene. Educational Objective: |
| Approved | Approved::No |
| Keyword | WBRKeyword::Sleep, WBRKeyword::sleep terrors |
| Linked Question | Linked:: |
| Order in Linked Questions | LinkedOrder:: |