WBR0756: Difference between revisions

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{{WBRQuestion
{{WBRQuestion
|QuestionAuthor={{Rim}}
|QuestionAuthor= {{YD}} (Reviewed by  {{YD}})
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1
|ExamType=USMLE Step 1
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
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|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|SubCategory=Pulmonology
|SubCategory=Pulmonology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
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|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|MainCategory=Pharmacology
|SubCategory=Pulmonology
|SubCategory=Pulmonology
|Prompt=A 12 year old boy is brought by his mother to the physician's office for shortness of breath during exercise. The boy explains that whenever he is playing football with his friends, he becomes short of breath can hear himself "whistling" during his difficult expiration. When asked, the patient denies any symptoms during normal activity. Following appropriate work-up, the physician prescribes inhaled albuterol and montelukast. What is the most likely mechanism of action of montelukast?
|Prompt=A 12-year-old boy is brought by his mother to the physician's office for occasional shortness of breath. The boy explains that whenever he is playing soccer with his friends, he becomes short of breath and can hear himself "whistling" during expiration. When asked, the patient denies any symptoms during normal, non-exertional activity. Following appropriate work-up, the physician prescribes inhaled albuterol and oral montelukast. What is the mechanism of action of montelukast?
|Explanation=The patient is presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with exercise-induced asthma. Antileukotrienes, like montelukast and zafirlukast, are leukotriene receptor antagonists, that have been shown to be particularly effective for exercise-induced asthma and for aspirin-induced asthma.
|Explanation=The patient is presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with exercise-induced asthma. Antileukotrienes, such as montelukast and zafirlukast, are leukotriene receptor antagonists that have demonstrated efficacy among patients with exercise-induced asthma and aspirin-induced asthma.


Educational Objective:
Leukotriene receptor inhibitors, like montelukast and zafirlukast, are effective for exercise-induced asthma.
|AnswerA=5-lipooxygenase inhibitor
|AnswerA=5-lipooxygenase inhibitor
|AnswerAExp=Zileuton is a 5-lipooxygenase inhibitor
|AnswerAExp=Zileuton is a 5-lipooxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor.
|AnswerB=Muscarinic receptor antagonist
|AnswerB=Muscarinic receptor antagonist
|AnswerBExp=Ipratropium and tiotropium are short and long acting muscarinic receptor antagonists, respectively.
|AnswerBExp=Ipratropium and tiotropium are short- and long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists, respectively.
|AnswerC=Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
|AnswerC=Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
|AnswerCExp=Theophylline, a methylxanthine, is a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
|AnswerCExp=Theophylline, a methylxanthine, is a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
|AnswerD=IgE antibody binder
|AnswerD=Monoclonal IgE antibody
|AnswerDExp=Omalizumab is a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody that binds to unbound serum IgE antibodies.
|AnswerDExp=Omalizumab is a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody that binds to free IgE antibodies.
|AnswerE=Leukotriene receptor antagonist
|AnswerE=Leukotriene receptor antagonist
|AnswerEExp=Montelukast and zafirlukast are leukotriene receptor antagonists.
|AnswerEExp=Montelukast and zafirlukast are leukotriene receptor antagonists.
|EducationalObjectives=Leukotriene receptor inhibitors, such as montelukast and zafirlukast, are indicated in exercise-induced asthma and aspirin-induced asthma.
|References=First Aid 2014 page 614
|RightAnswer=E
|RightAnswer=E
|WBRKeyword=montelukast, zafirlukast, lipooxygenase, lipoxygenase, receptor, antagonist, inhibitor, blocker, antagonists, inhibitors, blockers, block, pathway, asthma, exercise-induced, exercise, induced,
|WBRKeyword=Montelukast, Zafirlukast, Asthma, Antileukotrienes, Leukotriene receptor antagonist, Exercise-induced asthma, Aspirin-induced asthma, Wheezing, Whistling, Albuterol, Pharmacotherapy, Drugs
|Approved=No
|Approved=Yes
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 01:35, 28 October 2020
Author [[PageAuthor::Yazan Daaboul, M.D. (Reviewed by Yazan Daaboul, M.D.)]]
Exam Type ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category MainCategory::Pharmacology
Sub Category SubCategory::Pulmonology
Prompt [[Prompt::A 12-year-old boy is brought by his mother to the physician's office for occasional shortness of breath. The boy explains that whenever he is playing soccer with his friends, he becomes short of breath and can hear himself "whistling" during expiration. When asked, the patient denies any symptoms during normal, non-exertional activity. Following appropriate work-up, the physician prescribes inhaled albuterol and oral montelukast. What is the mechanism of action of montelukast?]]
Answer A AnswerA::5-lipooxygenase inhibitor
Answer A Explanation AnswerAExp::Zileuton is a 5-lipooxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor.
Answer B AnswerB::Muscarinic receptor antagonist
Answer B Explanation AnswerBExp::Ipratropium and tiotropium are short- and long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists, respectively.
Answer C AnswerC::Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Answer C Explanation AnswerCExp::Theophylline, a methylxanthine, is a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
Answer D AnswerD::Monoclonal IgE antibody
Answer D Explanation AnswerDExp::Omalizumab is a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody that binds to free IgE antibodies.
Answer E AnswerE::Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Answer E Explanation AnswerEExp::Montelukast and zafirlukast are leukotriene receptor antagonists.
Right Answer RightAnswer::E
Explanation [[Explanation::The patient is presenting with signs and symptoms consistent with exercise-induced asthma. Antileukotrienes, such as montelukast and zafirlukast, are leukotriene receptor antagonists that have demonstrated efficacy among patients with exercise-induced asthma and aspirin-induced asthma.

Educational Objective: Leukotriene receptor inhibitors, such as montelukast and zafirlukast, are indicated in exercise-induced asthma and aspirin-induced asthma.
References: First Aid 2014 page 614]]

Approved Approved::Yes
Keyword WBRKeyword::Montelukast, WBRKeyword::Zafirlukast, WBRKeyword::Asthma, WBRKeyword::Antileukotrienes, WBRKeyword::Leukotriene receptor antagonist, WBRKeyword::Exercise-induced asthma, WBRKeyword::Aspirin-induced asthma, WBRKeyword::Wheezing, WBRKeyword::Whistling, WBRKeyword::Albuterol, WBRKeyword::Pharmacotherapy, WBRKeyword::Drugs
Linked Question Linked::
Order in Linked Questions LinkedOrder::
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