Uveitis: Difference between revisions

	Uveitis Microchapters
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Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Uveitis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
X Ray
CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
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Case #1
Uveitis On the Web
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Uveitis All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
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Latest revision as of 00:37, 30 July 2020

For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2], Mohamed Moubarak, M.D. [3]

Synonyms and keywords: Iritis; pars planitis; choroiditis; retinitis; chorioretinitis; anterior uveitis; posterior uveitis; sarcoid uveitis; Behcet's uveitis; infectious uveitis; JIA uveitis; lupus uveitis; Multiple sclerosis uveitis; HLA-B27 uveitis; TINU syndrome; TINU; relapsing uveitis; chronic uveitis; acute anterior uveitis

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Uveitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

External Links

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001005.htm

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-{{Infobox Disease |
+__NOTOC__
-  Name        = Uveitis |
+{{Uveitis}}
-  Image       = Hypopyon.jpg |
-  Caption     = [[Hypopyon]] in anterior uveitis, seen as yellowish exudate in lower part of anterior chamber of eye |
-  DiseasesDB  = 13676 |
-  ICD10       = {{ICD10|H|20| |h|15}} |
-  ICD9        = {{ICD9|364}} |
-  eMedicineSubj  = oph |
-  eMedicineTopic = 580 |
-  eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|emerg|284}} |
-}}
 '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
-{{Uveitis}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{TarekNafee}}, {{MM}}
-{{CMG}}
-{{SK}}: Iritis; Pars planitis; Choroiditis; Chorioretinitis; Anterior uveitis; Posterior uveitis
+{{SK}} Iritis; pars planitis; choroiditis; retinitis; chorioretinitis; anterior uveitis; posterior uveitis; sarcoid uveitis; Behcet's uveitis; infectious uveitis; JIA uveitis; lupus uveitis; Multiple sclerosis uveitis; HLA-B27 uveitis; TINU syndrome; TINU; relapsing uveitis; chronic uveitis; acute anterior uveitis
+== [[Uveitis overview|Overview]] ==
+== [[Uveitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]] ==
-'''Uveitis''' specifically refers to [[inflammation]] of the middle layer of the [[eye]], termed the "[[uvea]]" but in common usage may refer to any inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye.
+== [[Uveitis classification|Classification]] ==
-Uveitis is estimated to be responsible for approximately 10% of the blindness in the United States.
+== [[Uveitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]] ==
-Uveitis requires an urgent referral and thorough examination by an  [[ophthalmologist]], along with urgent treatment to control the inflammation.
+== [[Uveitis causes|Causes]] ==
-==Types==
+== [[Uveitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Uveitis from other Diseases]] ==
-Uveitis is usually categorized anatomically into ''anterior'', ''intermediate'', ''posterior'' and ''panuveitic'' forms.
-* Anywhere from two-thirds to 90% of uveitis cases are anterior in location (anterior uveitis), frequently termed ''[[iritis]]'' - or inflammation of the [[Iris (anatomy)|iris]] and [[anterior chamber]]. This condition can occur as a single episode and subside with proper treatment or may take on a recurrent or chronic nature. Symptoms include [[red eye (medicine)|red eye]], injected [[conjunctiva]], pain and decreased vision. Signs include dilated ciliary vessels, presence of cells and flare in the anterior chamber, and keratic precipitates ("KP") on the posterior surface of the [[cornea]].
+== [[Uveitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]] ==
-* [[Intermediate uveitis]] consists of vitritis - inflammatory cells in the [[vitreous humour|vitreous cavity]], sometimes with ''snowbanking'', or deposition of inflammatory material on the [[pars plana]].
-* Posterior uveitis is the inflammation of the [[retina]] and [[choroid]].
-* Pan-uveitis is the inflammation of all the layers of the uvea.
-==Causes==
+== [[Uveitis risk factors|Risk Factors]] ==
-A myriad of conditions can lead to the development of uveitis, including systemic diseases as well as syndromes confined to the eye. In anterior uveitis, no specific diagnosis is made in approximately one-half of cases. However, anterior uveitis is often one of the syndromes associated with [[HLA-B27]].
-===Systemic disorders causing uveitis===
+== [[Uveitis screening|Screening]] ==
-Systemic disorders that can cause uveitis include: White G. [http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/uveitis.htm "Uveitis."] AllAboutVision.com. Retrieved August 20, 2006.</ref>
-*[[Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy]]
-*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
-*[[Behçet's disease]]
-*[[Birdshot retinochoroidopathy]]
-*[[Brucellosis]]
-*[[Herpes simplex]]
-*[[Herpes zoster]]
-*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
-*[[Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis]]
-*[[Kawasaki disease]]
-*[[Leptospirosis]]
-*[[Lyme disease]]
-*[[Multiple sclerosis]]
-*[[Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome]]
-*[[Psoriatic arthritis]]
-*[[Reiter's syndrome]]
-*[[Sarcoidosis]]
-*[[Syphilis]]
-*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
-*[[Toxocariasis]]
-*[[Toxoplasmosis]]
-*[[Tuberculosis]]
-*[[Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome]]
-*[[Whipple disease]]
-===Masquerade syndromes===
+== [[Uveitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]] ==
-Masquerade syndromes are ophthalmic disorders that clinically present as either an anterior or posterior uveitis, but are not primarily inflammatory. The following are some of the most common:
-*Anterior segment
-:*Intraocular [[foreign body]]
-:*[[Juvenile xanthogranuloma]]
-:*[[Leukemia]]
-:*Malignant melanoma
-:*[[Retinoblastoma]]
-:*[[Retinal detachment]]
-*Posterior segment
-:*Lymphoma
-:*Malignant melanoma
-:*Multiple sclerosis
-:*Reticulum cell sarcoma
-:*Retinitis pigmentosa
-:*Retinoblastoma
-==Symptoms==
+== Diagnosis ==
-* Redness of the eye
-* Blurred vision
-* Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
-* Dark, floating spots along the visual field
-* Eye pain
-==Treatment==
+[[Uveitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Uveitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Uveitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Uveitis x ray|X ray]] | [[Uveitis CT|CT]] | [[Uveitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Uveitis ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Uveitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Uveitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
-The prognosis is generally good for those who receive prompt diagnosis and treatment, but serious complication (including [[cataracts]], [[glaucoma]], [[band keratopathy]], retinal edema and permanent vision loss) may result if left untreated. The type of uveitis, as well as its severity, duration, and responsiveness to treatment or any associated illnesses, all factor in to the outlook.[http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/EMIHC000/9339/10942.html]
+== Treatment ==
-Uveitis is typically treated with [[glucocorticoid]] [[steroid]]s, either as topical eye drops (such as [[betamethasone]], [[dexamethasone]] or [[prednisolone]]) or oral therapy with [[prednisolone]] tablets. In addition topical [[cycloplegic]]s, such as [[atropine]] or [[homatropine]], may be used.
+[[Uveitis medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Uveitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Uveitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Uveitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Uveitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Uveitis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-In some cases an injection of PSTTA can also be given to reduce the swelling of the eye.
-<!--
-  --><ref>[[British National Formulary|BNF]] '''45''' March 2003</ref>
-[[Antimetabolite]] medications, such as [[methotrexate]] are often used for recalcitrant or more aggressive cases of uveitis.  Experimental treatment with [[Infliximab]] infusions may prove helpful.
+==Case Studies==
+[[Uveitis case study one|Case #1]]
-==See also==
+==Related Chapters==
 *[[List of eye diseases and disorders]]
 *[[List of systemic diseases with ocular manifestations]]
 *[[Intermediate uveitis]]
-==References==
+==External Links==
-<references/>
-==External links==
-*[http://pubdata.hyg.uni-heidelberg.de:8081/uveitis/index.jsp?session_id=0&sprache=1  The Heidelberg DiagnoseFinder - a web application to find common uveitis diseases in their typical manifestation (english/german)]
-* http://www.uveitissociety.org
 * http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001005.htm
-*[http://www.uveitiscenter.de  Interdisciplinary Uveitis Center Heidelberg, Germany]
-* http://www.uveitis.org
-* http://www.preventblindness.org/uveitis
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 [[Category:Ophthalmology]]
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