Ureaplasma urealyticum risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Risk factors== | ==Risk factors== | ||
Risk factors for Ureaplasma infection in infants include the following:<ref name="pmid8399903" /><ref name="pmid26518581"/><ref name="pmid18596706" /><ref name="pmid18577163" /><ref name="pmid27756710">{{cite journal| author=Kikhney J, von Schöning D, Steding I, Schulze J, Petrich A, Hiergeist A et al.| title=Is Ureaplasma spp. the leading causative agent of acute chorioamnionitis in women with preterm birth? | journal=Clin Microbiol Infect | year= 2017 | volume= 23 | issue= 2 | pages= 119.e1-119.e7 | pmid=27756710 | doi=10.1016/j.cmi.2016.10.010 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27756710 }} </ref><ref name="pmid27172838">{{cite journal| author=Koucký M, Malíčková K, Cindrová-Davies T, Smíšek J, Vráblíková H, Černý A et al.| title=Prolonged progesterone administration is associated with less frequent cervicovaginal colonization by Ureaplasma urealyticum during pregnancy - Results of a pilot study. | journal=J Reprod Immunol | year= 2016 | volume= 116 | issue= | pages= 35-41 | pmid=27172838 | doi=10.1016/j.jri.2016.04.285 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27172838 }} </ref> | |||
Neonatal factors | |||
* [[Prematurity]] | |||
* [[Low birth weight]] | |||
* [[Perinatal asphyxia]] (Apgar score less than 6 at 5min) | |||
* [[Mechanical ventilation]] of the infant | |||
* Tracheal colonization of the infant by Ureaplasma species: The risk of developing moderate-severe [[bronchopulmonary dysplasia]] is increased by 7-9 folds in mechanically ventilated infants with Ureaplasma positive tracheal aspirate compared to mechanically ventilated infants with Ureaplasma positive nasopharyngeal sample. | |||
* [[Congenital anomalies]] such as [[meningomyelocele]] | |||
Maternal factors | |||
* Prolonged or [[Premature rupture of membranes|preterm rupture of membranes]] | |||
* [[Chorioamnionitis]] | |||
* Heavy vaginal colonization by Ureaplasma species | |||
* Low socioeconomic status | |||
Risk factors for Ureaplasma colonization/infection in adult men and women:<ref name="pmid25717022" /><ref name="pmid11939406" /><ref name="pmid15379939" /><ref name="pmid20498103" /><ref name="pmid15590426">{{cite journal| author=Benedetto C, Tibaldi C, Marozio L, Marini S, Masuelli G, Pelissetto S et al.| title=Cervicovaginal infections during pregnancy: epidemiological and microbiological aspects. | journal=J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med | year= 2004 | volume= 16 Suppl 2 | issue= | pages= 9-12 | pmid=15590426 | doi=10.1080/14767050410001727107 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15590426 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26010188">{{cite journal| author=George MD, Cardenas AM, Birnbaum BK, Gluckman SJ| title=Ureaplasma septic arthritis in an immunosuppressed patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. | journal=J Clin Rheumatol | year= 2015 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= 221-4 | pmid=26010188 | doi=10.1097/RHU.0000000000000248 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26010188 }} </ref> | |||
* Multiple sexual partners | |||
* Younger age | |||
* Urogenital colonization/infection with other microorganisms | |||
*Low socioeconomic status | |||
* [[Immunosuppressive disorder|Immunosuppresion]] such as [[congenital immunodeficiency disorders]] like [[hypogammaglobulinemia]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 04:53, 21 April 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fatimo Biobaku M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Risk factors
Risk factors for Ureaplasma infection in infants include the following:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Neonatal factors
- Prematurity
- Low birth weight
- Perinatal asphyxia (Apgar score less than 6 at 5min)
- Mechanical ventilation of the infant
- Tracheal colonization of the infant by Ureaplasma species: The risk of developing moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia is increased by 7-9 folds in mechanically ventilated infants with Ureaplasma positive tracheal aspirate compared to mechanically ventilated infants with Ureaplasma positive nasopharyngeal sample.
- Congenital anomalies such as meningomyelocele
Maternal factors
- Prolonged or preterm rupture of membranes
- Chorioamnionitis
- Heavy vaginal colonization by Ureaplasma species
- Low socioeconomic status
Risk factors for Ureaplasma colonization/infection in adult men and women:[7][8][9][10][11][12]
- Multiple sexual partners
- Younger age
- Urogenital colonization/infection with other microorganisms
- Low socioeconomic status
- Immunosuppresion such as congenital immunodeficiency disorders like hypogammaglobulinemia.
References
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑ Kikhney J, von Schöning D, Steding I, Schulze J, Petrich A, Hiergeist A; et al. (2017). "Is Ureaplasma spp. the leading causative agent of acute chorioamnionitis in women with preterm birth?". Clin Microbiol Infect. 23 (2): 119.e1–119.e7. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2016.10.010. PMID 27756710.
- ↑ Koucký M, Malíčková K, Cindrová-Davies T, Smíšek J, Vráblíková H, Černý A; et al. (2016). "Prolonged progesterone administration is associated with less frequent cervicovaginal colonization by Ureaplasma urealyticum during pregnancy - Results of a pilot study". J Reprod Immunol. 116: 35–41. doi:10.1016/j.jri.2016.04.285. PMID 27172838.
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑
- ↑ Benedetto C, Tibaldi C, Marozio L, Marini S, Masuelli G, Pelissetto S; et al. (2004). "Cervicovaginal infections during pregnancy: epidemiological and microbiological aspects". J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 16 Suppl 2: 9–12. doi:10.1080/14767050410001727107. PMID 15590426.
- ↑ George MD, Cardenas AM, Birnbaum BK, Gluckman SJ (2015). "Ureaplasma septic arthritis in an immunosuppressed patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis". J Clin Rheumatol. 21 (4): 221–4. doi:10.1097/RHU.0000000000000248. PMID 26010188.