Tuberculosis resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahmoud Sakr, M.D.
{{WikiDoc CMG}}; [[User:MoisesRomo|Moises Romo M.D.]]
 
Synonyms and Keywords:
 
Overview
 
This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptom. The first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.
 
Causes
Life Threatening Causes


{{SK}}
==Overview==
Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for 'Tubercle bacillus' or Tuberculosis is a common [[infectious disease]] caused by ''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]''. Tuberculosis most commonly involves the lungs as the organism thrives in high oxygen environments, but it can also cause disease in the [[central nervous system]], the [[lymphatic system]], the [[circulatory system]], the [[genitourinary system]], [[bone]]s, [[joint]]s and even the [[skin]].<ref name="Harrison">{{cite book | author = Raviglione MC, O'Brien RJ | chapter = Tuberculosis | title = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine | editor = Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Isselbacher KJ, eds. | edition = 16th ed. | publisher = McGraw-Hill Professional | year = 2004 | pages = 953–66 | doi =10.1036/0071402357 | isbn = 0071402357 }}</ref> Over one-third of the world's population has been exposed to ''M. tuberculosis'', and new infections occur at a rate of one per second.<ref name="WHO2004data">[[World Health Organization]] (WHO). [http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/index.html Tuberculosis Fact sheet N°104 - Global and regional incidence.] March 2006, Retrieved on 6 October 2006.</ref>  Not all individuals exposed to the bacterium develop clinically overt tuberculosis infection; in fact, [[asymptomatic]], latent TB infection discovered by screening is more common. Approximately, one in ten latent infections progresses to active (symptomatic) TB disease, which, if left untreated, carries mortality rates of up to 50%.  Symptoms include shortness of breath, hemoptysis, fever, chills, night sweats, and weight loss.  Several treatment regimens are available for the latent and active forms of TB. Classically, a prolonged course of 6-9 months of a single agent (rifampin or isoniazid) is administered to patients with latent TB, while a more aggressive course that consists of 4 major antituberculous agents (rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide) is reserved for patients with active disease.
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.


Life threatening cause 1
*[[Life threatening cause 1]]
Life threatening cause 2
*[[Life threatening cause 2]]
Life threatening cause 3
*[[Life threatening cause 3]]
Common Causes
Common cause 1
Common cause 2
Common cause 3
Common cause 4
Common cause 5
Diagnosis


Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
===Common Causes===


 
*[[Common cause 1]]
*[[Common cause 2]]
 
*[[Common cause 3]]
*[[Common cause 4]]
 
*[[Common cause 5]]
 
 


==Diagnosis==
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of <nowiki>[[disease name]]</nowiki> according the the [...] guidelines.{{familytree/start |summary=PE diagnosis Algorithm.}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | A01= presumptive TB }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | A01= Sputum examination + Chest X-ray }}
{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | }}
{{familytree | A01 | | A02 | | A03 | | A04 |-| A05 | A01= Sputum positive for TB, CXR suggestive of TB | A02= Sputum positive for TB, CXR not suggestive of TB | A03= Sputum negative for TB, CXR suggestive of TB | A04= Sputum negative for TB, CXR not suggestive of TB | A05= High clinical suspicion for TB |}}
{{familytree | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | |!|}}
{{familytree | |^|-|-|-|'| | | A01 |-|-|-|-|-|-|'| | A01= CBNAAT }}
{{familytree/end}}




 
{{familytree/end}}
==Treatment==
 
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of <nowiki>[[disease name]]</nowiki> according the the [...] guidelines.{{familytree/start |summary=PE diagnosis Algorithm.}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 |A01= }}
 
{{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| | | }}
{{familytree | | | B01 | | | | | | | | B02 | | |B01= |B02= }}
 
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C01 | | | | | | | | |!| |C01= }}
 
{{familytree | |,|-|^|.| | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | D01 | | D02 | | | | | | D03 |D01= |D02= |D03= }}
 
{{familytree | |!| | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|.| }}
{{familytree | E01 | | | | | | | E02 | | | E03 |E01= |E02= |E03= }}
 
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | F01 | | | F02 |F01= |F02= }}
 
{{familytree/end}}
==Do's==
 
 
 


*The content in this section is in bullet points.


 
==Don'ts==
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


*The content in this section is in bullet points.


 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
 
 
 
 
 


{{WikiDoc Sources}}


 
 
 
Treatment
Treatment


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Do's
Do's
The content in this section is in bullet points.
The content in this section is in bullet points.

Revision as of 04:36, 29 August 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Moises Romo M.D.

Synonyms and keywords:

Overview

Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for 'Tubercle bacillus' or Tuberculosis is a common infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis most commonly involves the lungs as the organism thrives in high oxygen environments, but it can also cause disease in the central nervous system, the lymphatic system, the circulatory system, the genitourinary system, bones, joints and even the skin.[1] Over one-third of the world's population has been exposed to M. tuberculosis, and new infections occur at a rate of one per second.[2] Not all individuals exposed to the bacterium develop clinically overt tuberculosis infection; in fact, asymptomatic, latent TB infection discovered by screening is more common. Approximately, one in ten latent infections progresses to active (symptomatic) TB disease, which, if left untreated, carries mortality rates of up to 50%. Symptoms include shortness of breath, hemoptysis, fever, chills, night sweats, and weight loss. Several treatment regimens are available for the latent and active forms of TB. Classically, a prolonged course of 6-9 months of a single agent (rifampin or isoniazid) is administered to patients with latent TB, while a more aggressive course that consists of 4 major antituberculous agents (rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide) is reserved for patients with active disease.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
presumptive TB
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sputum examination + Chest X-ray
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sputum positive for TB, CXR suggestive of TB
 
Sputum positive for TB, CXR not suggestive of TB
 
Sputum negative for TB, CXR suggestive of TB
 
Sputum negative for TB, CXR not suggestive of TB
 
High clinical suspicion for TB
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CBNAAT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. ↑ Raviglione MC, O'Brien RJ (2004). "Tuberculosis". In Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Isselbacher KJ, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (16th ed. ed.). McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 953–66. doi:10.1036/0071402357. ISBN 0071402357.
  2. ↑ World Health Organization (WHO). Tuberculosis Fact sheet N°104 - Global and regional incidence. March 2006, Retrieved on 6 October 2006.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

  Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of disease name according the the [...] guidelines.

  Do's The content in this section is in bullet points. Don'ts The content in this section is in bullet points. References  

Template:WikiDoc Sources

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