Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection natural history

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2]

Overview

If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

OR

Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

OR

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

  • The symptoms of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life and start with symptoms such as ___.
  • The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
  • If left untreated, [#]% of patients with the total anomalous pulmonary venous connection may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

Complications

  • Common complications of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection include:
    • [Complication 1]
    • [Complication 2]
    • [Complication 3]

Prognosis

  • Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is approximately [--]%.
  • Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
  • The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
  • [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
  • The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of the tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] has the most favorable prognosis.

References

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