Thyroid cancer: Difference between revisions
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Thyroid [[nodule (medicine)|nodule]] are diagnosed by ultrasound guided [[fine needle aspiration]] or frequently by [[thyroidectomy]] (surgical removal and subsequent histological examination). As the thyroid cancer can uptake [[iodine]], [[radioactive iodine]] is a commonly used modality in thyroid carcinomas. However, it is followed by [[TSH]] suppression by [[thyroxine]] therapy. | Thyroid [[nodule (medicine)|nodule]] are diagnosed by ultrasound guided [[fine needle aspiration]] or frequently by [[thyroidectomy]] (surgical removal and subsequent histological examination). As the thyroid cancer can uptake [[iodine]], [[radioactive iodine]] is a commonly used modality in thyroid carcinomas. However, it is followed by [[TSH]] suppression by [[thyroxine]] therapy. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Thyroid cancers can be classified according to their pathological characteristics. The following variants can be distinguished (distribution over various subtypes may show regional variation): | |||
* [[Papillary]] thyroid cancer (75%, incl. mixed papillary/follicular) | |||
* [[Thyroid follicle|Follicular]] thyroid cancer (16%) | |||
* [[Medullary]] thyroid cancer (5-7%) | |||
* [[Anaplastic]] thyroid cancer (3%) | |||
* [[Lymphoma]] (1%) | |||
* [[Squamous cell carcinoma]], [[sarcoma]] (0.5 - 2%) | |||
{{Familytree/start}} | {{Familytree/start}} | ||
{{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF; | {{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | | | | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01= Thyroid carcinoma}} | ||
{{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | | | | | | | | | | {{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | |}} | ||
{{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | | | | | | | | | {{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | B01 | | B02 | | B03 | | | | | | B04 | | B05 | | B06 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |B01=[[Papillary]] thyroid cancer|B02=[[Thyroid follicle|Follicular]] thyroid cancer|B03=[[Medullary]] thyroid cancer|B04= [[Anaplastic]] thyroid cancer|B05=[[Lymphoma]]|B06= [[Miscellaneous]]}} | ||
{{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{Familytree|boxstyle=background: #E0FFFF;| | C01 | | C02 | | | | | | | | | | C03 | | | | | | C04 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |C01= | |||
Follicular variant | |||
Tall cell | |||
Diffuse sclerosing | |||
Encapsulated | |||
Columnar | |||
|C02= | |||
Minimally invasive | |||
Overtly invasive | |||
|C03= | |||
Small cell | |||
Giant cell | |||
|C04= | |||
Sarcoma | |||
Lymphoma | |||
Squamous cell carcinoma | |||
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | |||
Plasma cell tumors | |||
Direct extension | |||
Kidney | |||
Melanoma | |||
Colon | |||
}} | |||
{{Familytree/end}} | {{Familytree/end}} | ||
== | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | |||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Otolaryngology]] | [[Category:Otolaryngology]] | ||
[[Category:Thyroid disease]] | [[Category:Thyroid disease]] | ||
[[Category:Types of cancer]] | [[Category:Types of cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Primary care]] | [[Category:Primary care]] | ||
[[Category:Mature chapter]] | |||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
Revision as of 20:43, 2 December 2015
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Thyroid Cancer Main Page |
For patient information click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Michael Maddaleni, B.S.; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]
Overview
Overview
Thyroid cancer refers to any of four kinds of tumors of the thyroid gland; Papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic. Papillary and follicular tumors are the most common and usually are benign. They grow slowly, may recur, but are generally not fatal in patients under 45 years of age. Medullary and anaplastic tumors are malignant. Medullary tumors have a good prognosis if restricted to the thyroid gland and a poorer prognosis if metastasis occurs. Anaplastic tumors are fast-growing and respond poorly to therapy. Thyroid nodule are diagnosed by ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration or frequently by thyroidectomy (surgical removal and subsequent histological examination). As the thyroid cancer can uptake iodine, radioactive iodine is a commonly used modality in thyroid carcinomas. However, it is followed by TSH suppression by thyroxine therapy.
Classification
Thyroid cancers can be classified according to their pathological characteristics. The following variants can be distinguished (distribution over various subtypes may show regional variation):
- Papillary thyroid cancer (75%, incl. mixed papillary/follicular)
- Follicular thyroid cancer (16%)
- Medullary thyroid cancer (5-7%)
- Anaplastic thyroid cancer (3%)
- Lymphoma (1%)
- Squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoma (0.5 - 2%)
| Thyroid carcinoma | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Papillary thyroid cancer | Follicular thyroid cancer | Medullary thyroid cancer | Anaplastic thyroid cancer | Lymphoma | Miscellaneous | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Follicular variant
Tall cell Diffuse sclerosing Encapsulated Columnar | Minimally invasive Overtly invasive | Small cell Giant cell | Sarcoma
Lymphoma Squamous cell carcinoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Plasma cell tumors Direct extension Kidney Melanoma Colon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||