Syphilis screening

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]

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Overview

Screening guidelines for syphilis include all high risk non-pregnant individuals aged 15-65, all pregnant females, men who have sex with men, women who have sex with women, and HIV positive individuals.[1] Routine screening of adolescents who are asymptomatic for syphilis is not recommended.[2][3]

Screening

Screening guidelines for syphilis are:

Non-pregnant adults and adolescents (age 15-65)

  • All individuals who are at increased risk for syphilis should be screened for syphilis Grade A recommendation.[1][4]
  • Routine screening of adolescents who are asymptomatic for syphilis is not recommended.[2]

Pregnant women

  • Uninsured women
  • Women living in poverty
  • Sex workers
  • Illicit drug users
  • Presence of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
  • Other women living in communities with high syphilis morbidity

Men who have sex with men

  • Annually for sexually active men who have sex with men[5]
  • Every 3 to 6 months if increased risk

Women who have sex with women

  • Routine screening is recommended[2]

HIV positive individuals

  • At first HIV evaluation for sexually active individuals[5][6]
  • Annually after first evaluation
  • More frequent testing for individuals who are at increased risk or are residing in highly prevalent areas of syphilis

Screening tests

Screening tests recommended for syphilis include the following:[7]

Screening non-treponemal tests

Confirmatory treponemal tests

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/syphilis-infection-in-nonpregnant-adults-and-adolescents?ds=1&s=syphilis Accessed on September 19, 2016
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 http://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment/2010/specialpops.htm Accessed on September 19, 2016
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening?ds=1&s=syphilis Accessed on September 19, 2016
  4. US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, Davidson KW, Epling JW; et al. (2016). "Screening for Syphilis Infection in Nonpregnant Adults and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement". JAMA. 315 (21): 2321–7. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.5824. PMID 27272583.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 http://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/screening-recommendations.htm#modalIdString_CDCTable_2 Accessed on September 19, 2016
  6. http://hivprevent.thelancet.com/content/guidelines-and-recommendations Accesed on September 19, 2016
  7. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/ClinicalSummaryFinal/syphilis-infection-in-pregnancy-screening Accessed on September 19, 2016
  8. 8.0 8.1 Ratnam S (2005). "The laboratory diagnosis of syphilis". Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 16 (1): 45–51. PMC 2095002. PMID 18159528.
  9. 9.0 9.1 Larsen SA, Steiner BM, Rudolph AH (1995). "Laboratory diagnosis and interpretation of tests for syphilis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 8 (1): 1–21. PMC 172846. PMID 7704889.


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