Subarachnoid hemorrhage primary prevention

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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012)

Risk Factors/Prevention
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Medical Measures to Prevent Rebleeding
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Cerebral Vasospasm and DCI
Hydrocephalus
Seizures Associated With aSAH
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]

Overview

Primary Prevention


Class I
"1. Treatment of high blood pressure with antihypertensive medication is recommended to prevent ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and cardiac, renal, and other end-organ injury (Level of Evidence: A)"
"2. Hypertension should be treated, and such treatment may reduce the risk of aSAH (Level of Evidence: B)"
"3. Tobacco use and alcohol misuse should be avoided to reduce the risk of aSAH (Level of Evidence: B)"
"4. After any aneurysm repair, immediate cerebrovascular imaging is generally recommended to identify remnants or recurrence of the aneurysm that may require treatment (Level of Evidence: B)"
Class IIb
"1. In addition to the size and location of the aneurysm and the patient’s age and health status, it might be reasonable to consider morphological and hemody- namic characteristics of the aneurysm when discuss- ing the risk of aneurysm rupture (Level of Evidence: B)"
"2. Consumption of a diet rich in vegetables may lower the risk of aSAH (Level of Evidence: B)"
"3. It may be reasonable to offer noninvasive screening to patients with familial (at least 1 first-degree relative) aSAH and/or a history of aSAH to evaluate for de novo aneurysms or late regrowth of a treated aneurysm, but the risks and benefits of this screening require further study (Level of Evidence: B)"

References

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