Steatorrhea differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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==Steatorrhea differential diagnosis==
==Steatorrhea differential diagnosis==
===Preferred Table===
'''The following table outlines the major differential diagnoses of malabsorption.'''<ref name="Casburn-JonesFarthing2004">{{cite journal|last1=Casburn-Jones|first1=Anna C|last2=Farthing|first2=Michael Jg|title=Traveler's diarrhea|journal=Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology|volume=19|issue=6|year=2004|pages=610–618|issn=0815-9319|doi=10.1111/j.1440-1746.2003.03287.x}}</ref><ref name="KamatMathur2006">{{cite journal|last1=Kamat|first1=Deepak|last2=Mathur|first2=Ambika|title=Prevention and Management of Travelers’ Diarrhea|journal=Disease-a-Month|volume=52|issue=7|year=2006|pages=289–302|issn=00115029|doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2006.08.003}}</ref><ref name="PfeifferDuPont2012">{{cite journal|last1=Pfeiffer|first1=Margaret L.|last2=DuPont|first2=Herbert L.|last3=Ochoa|first3=Theresa J.|title=The patient presenting with acute dysentery – A systematic review|journal=Journal of Infection|volume=64|issue=4|year=2012|pages=374–386|issn=01634453|doi=10.1016/j.jinf.2012.01.006}}</ref><ref name="pmid24506120">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barr W, Smith A |title=Acute diarrhea |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=89 |issue=3 |pages=180–9 |year=2014 |pmid=24506120 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29255768">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amil Dias J |title=Celiac Disease: What Do We Know in 2017? |journal=GE Port J Gastroenterol |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=275–278 |year=2017 |pmid=29255768 |doi=10.1159/000479881 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29254859">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kotloff KL, Riddle MS, Platts-Mills JA, Pavlinac P, Zaidi AKM |title=Shigellosis |journal=Lancet |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29254859 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33296-8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Yamamoto-FurushoBosques-Padilla2017">{{cite journal|last1=Yamamoto-Furusho|first1=J.K.|last2=Bosques-Padilla|first2=F.|last3=de-Paula|first3=J.|last4=Galiano|first4=M.T.|last5=Ibañez|first5=P.|last6=Juliao|first6=F.|last7=Kotze|first7=P.G.|last8=Rocha|first8=J.L.|last9=Steinwurz|first9=F.|last10=Veitia|first10=G.|last11=Zaltman|first11=C.|title=Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: Primer Consenso Latinoamericano de la Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation|journal=Revista de Gastroenterología de México|volume=82|issue=1|year=2017|pages=46–84|issn=03750906|doi=10.1016/j.rgmx.2016.07.003}}</ref><ref name="BorbélyOsterwalder2017">{{cite journal|last1=Borbély|first1=Yves M|last2=Osterwalder|first2=Alice|last3=Kröll|first3=Dino|last4=Nett|first4=Philipp C|last5=Inglin|first5=Roman A|title=Diarrhea after bariatric procedures: Diagnosis and therapy|journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=23|issue=26|year=2017|pages=4689|issn=1007-9327|doi=10.3748/wjg.v23.i26.4689}}</ref><ref name="CrawfordRamani2017">{{cite journal|last1=Crawford|first1=Sue E.|last2=Ramani|first2=Sasirekha|last3=Tate|first3=Jacqueline E.|last4=Parashar|first4=Umesh D.|last5=Svensson|first5=Lennart|last6=Hagbom|first6=Marie|last7=Franco|first7=Manuel A.|last8=Greenberg|first8=Harry B.|last9=O'Ryan|first9=Miguel|last10=Kang|first10=Gagandeep|last11=Desselberger|first11=Ulrich|last12=Estes|first12=Mary K.|title=Rotavirus infection|journal=Nature Reviews Disease Primers|volume=3|year=2017|pages=17083|issn=2056-676X|doi=10.1038/nrdp.2017.83}}</ref><ref name="pmid11068510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kist M |title=[Chronic diarrhea: value of microbiology in diagnosis] |language=German |journal=Praxis (Bern 1994) |volume=89 |issue=39 |pages=1559–65 |year=2000 |pmid=11068510 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4014291">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guerrant RL, Shields DS, Thorson SM, Schorling JB, Gröschel DH |title=Evaluation and diagnosis of acute infectious diarrhea |journal=Am. J. 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{|
 
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="border: 0px; font-size: 100%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
! rowspan="2" |Diseases
! colspan="2" rowspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Categories
! colspan="4" |History and Symptoms
! colspan="2" rowspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
! colspan="4" |Physical Examination
| colspan="9" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Clinical manifestation'''
! colspan="4" |Laboratory Findings
! colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Lab findings'''
! rowspan="2" |Other Findings
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!Finding
1
!Finding 2
!Finding 3
!Finding
4
!Physical Finding 1
!Physical Finding 2
!Physical Finding 3
!Physical Finding 4
!Lab Test 1
!Lab Test 2
!Lab Test 3
!Lab Test 4
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 1
! colspan="8" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Findings
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 2
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |'''↑'''
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! rowspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! rowspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | -
! rowspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 3
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''CBC'''
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |↓
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 4
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Differential Diagnosis 5
! colspan="2" rowspan="9" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gastrointestinal
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Crohns disease|Crohn's disease]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ±
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Abdominal tenderness]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* Oral [[mucosal]] lesions
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |
* [[Uveitis]]
* [[Arthritis]]
* [[Erythema nodosum]]
* [[Pyoderma gangrenosum]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[White blood cells|WBC]] +
[[Red blood cell|RBC]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Ulcerative colitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Abdominal tenderness]]
* [[Blood]] on [[rectal examination]]
* [[Skin rash]]
* [[Iritis]]
* [[Uveitis]]
* Seronegative [[arthritis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[White blood cells|WBC]] +
[[Red blood cell|RBC]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Celiac disease]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Abdominal distention]]
* Increased [[bowel]] sounds
* Oral [[Mucous membrane|mucosal]] lesions
* [[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
* [[Ascites]]
* [[Dementia]]
* [[Dermatitis herpetiformis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Fat droplets on [[sudan stain]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Cystic fibrosis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
*[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
*[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
*[[Rectal prolapse]]
*Recurrent [[respiratory tract infection]]
* [[Bronchiectasis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Fat droplets on [[sudan stain]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Chronic pancreatitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
* [[Pancreatic pseudocyst]]
* [[Diabetes mellitus]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Fat droplets on [[sudan stain]]
Fecal elastase +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Bile acid malabsorption]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*[[Malabsorption]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Tachycardia]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Fat droplets on [[sudan stain]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Lactose intolerance]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Abdominal tenderness ]]
* [[Abdominal distention]]
* [[Abdominal distention|Headache]]
* [[Abdominal distention|Vertigo]]
* [[Abdominal distention|Memory impairment]]
* [[Abdominal distention|Lethargy]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! rowspan="10" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Infection
! rowspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bacterial
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Whipple's disease]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
* [[Ascites]]
* [[Ocular motility disorders|Abnormal extraocular movement]]
* [[Lymphadenopathy]]
* [[Hyperpigmentation]]
* [[Uveitis]]
* [[Endocarditis]]
* [[Encephalitis]]
* [[Dementia]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓/↑
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Tropical sprue]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* Angular [[stomatitis]]
* Oral mucosal lesion
* [[Myalgia]]
*[[Neuropathy]]
*[[Edema]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[White blood cells|WBC]] +
 
[[Stool culture]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome|Small bowel bacterial overgrowth]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
* [[Rosacea]] 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[White blood cells|WBC]] +
 
[[Stool culture]] +
 
[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Virus
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
*Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
*[[Lymphadenopathy]]
*Disseminated [[infection]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[White blood cells|WBC]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Parasite
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Giardia lamblia|Giardia]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
*Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
*[[Urticaria]]
*[[Depression]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Ovum|Ova]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Isospora]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
*[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
*Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[White blood cells|WBC]] +
[[Red blood cell|RBC]] +
 
[[Ovum|Ova]] +
 
[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tumors
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[VIPoma]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
* [[Abdominal distention]]
* Abdominal [[RUQ]] [[tenderness]]
* [[Nausea]]
* [[Vomiting]]
* [[Rash]]
* [[Facial flushing]]
* [[Dehydration]]
* [[Lethargy]]
* [[Muscle weakness]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome|Zollinger–Ellison syndrome]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
** [[Tenderness|Epigastric tenderness]]
** [[Jaundice]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Lymphoma]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
*[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
*[[Ascites]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Red blood cell|RBC]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Medication/Toxicity
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="left" |
* [[ACE inhibitor|ACE inhibitors]]
* [[Digoxin]]
* [[Cephalosporin|Cephalosporins]]
* [[Statins]]
* [[Thiazide|Thiazide diuretics]]
* [[Triptans]]
* [[Lactulose]]
* [[HIV AIDS medical therapy|Anti retroviral agents]]
* [[Chemotherapy|Chemotherapeutic agents]]
* [[Antifungal drug|Antifungals]]
* [[Magnesium]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*[[Abdominal distention]]
*[[Dehydration]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Iatrogenic
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Short bowel syndrome]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
* [[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
* Prior [[Intestine|intestinal]] surgery
* Peripheral [[edema]]
* [[Muscle atrophy]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | ↑
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Radiation enteropathy|Radiation enteritis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
* [[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
* Prior history of [[Cancer|malignancy]] and [[radiation therapy]]
*[[Telangiectasia|Telangiectasias]] 
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | [[White blood cells|WBC]] +
[[Red blood cell|RBC]] +
 
[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="6" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Others
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Abetalipoproteinemia]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Abdominal distension]]
* [[Ataxia]]
* [[Visual field defect]]
* [[Dysarthria]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Hyperthyroidism]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* Lump in the neck
 
* Lid lag
* [[Sweating]]
* [[Hyperpigmentation]]
* [[Proptosis]]
* [[Tremor]]
* Increased [[Deep tendon reflex|DTR]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Diabetic neuropathy]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*[[Fecal incontinence]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Scleroderma|Systemic sclerosis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
*[[Abdominal pain|Epigastric tenderness]]
*[[Fecal incontinence]]
*[[Raynaud's phenomenon|Raynaud phenomenon]]
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Arthritis]]
*[[Telangiectasia]]
*[[Chronic renal failure]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Red blood cell|RBC]] +
[[Fecal fat]] +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
|- }
|}
|}


Revision as of 15:28, 8 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]


Overview

Steatorrhea must be differentiated from Cystic fibrosis, Hartnup'sdisease, Whipple's disease, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, Acrodermatitis enteropathica, intestinal lymphangiectasia

Steatorrhea differential diagnosis

The following table outlines the major differential diagnoses of malabsorption.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]

Categories Cause Clinical manifestation Lab findings
Symptoms Findings
Duration Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Weight loss
Stool exam CBC
Acute Chronic Watery Bloody Fatty WBC Hgb Plt
Gastrointestinal Crohn's disease – + + + + ± + + WBC +

RBC +

↑ ↓ ↑
Ulcerative colitis – + + + + ± + + WBC +

RBC +

↑ ↓ ↑
Celiac disease – + ± – ± – + + Fat droplets on sudan stain Nl ↓ Nl
Cause Duration Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Weight loss Findings Stool exam CBC
Acute Chronic Watery Bloody Fatty WBC Hgb Plt
Cystic fibrosis – + – – + ± + + Fat droplets on sudan stain Nl ↓ Nl
Chronic pancreatitis – + + – + – + + Fat droplets on sudan stain

Fecal elastase +

Nl Nl Nl
Bile acid malabsorption – + + – + – – + Fat droplets on sudan stain Nl Nl Nl
Lactose intolerance + + + – – – + – – Nl Nl Nl
Infection Bacterial Cause Duration Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Weight loss Findings Stool exam CBC
Acute Chronic Watery Bloody Fatty WBC Hgb Plt
Whipple's disease – + + – + ± + + Fecal fat + ↓ ↓ ↓/↑
Tropical sprue + + + – + + + + WBC +

Stool culture +

Nl ↓ Nl
Small bowel bacterial overgrowth – + + – + – + + WBC +

Stool culture +

Fecal fat +

Nl ↓ Nl
Cause Duration Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Weight loss Findings Stool exam CBC
Acute Chronic Watery Bloody Fatty WBC Hgb Plt
Virus HIV – + + – – + + + WBC + ↓ ↓ Nl
Parasite Giardia – + + – + – + + Ova + Nl Nl Nl
Isospora + + + – + + + + WBC +

RBC +

Ova +

Fecal fat +

↑ Nl Nl
Tumors VIPoma + + + – + – + + – Nl Nl Nl
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome – + + + + – + + – Nl ↓ Nl
Cause Duration Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Weight loss Findings Stool exam CBC
Acute Chronic Watery Bloody Fatty WBC Hgb Plt
Lymphoma – + + + – + + + RBC + Nl ↓ Nl
Medication/Toxicity + + + – ± ± + + – ↑ Nl Nl
Iatrogenic Short bowel syndrome + + + – + – – + Fecal fat + Nl ↓ ↑
Radiation enteritis + + + + + – + + WBC +

RBC +

Fecal fat +

Nl ↓ Nl
Others Cause Duration Diarrhea Fever Abdominal pain Weight loss Findings Stool exam CBC
Acute Chronic Watery Bloody Fatty WBC Hgb Plt
Abetalipoproteinemia – + + – + – + + – Nl Nl Nl
Hyperthyroidism – + + – – ± + +
  • Lump in the neck
 Fecal fat + Nl Nl Nl
Diabetic neuropathy – + + – + – + + Fecal fat + Nl ↓ Nl
Systemic sclerosis – + + ± + – + + RBC +

Fecal fat +

Nl ↓ Nl

References

  1. ↑ Casburn-Jones, Anna C; Farthing, Michael Jg (2004). "Traveler's diarrhea". Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 19 (6): 610–618. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2003.03287.x. ISSN 0815-9319.
  2. ↑ Kamat, Deepak; Mathur, Ambika (2006). "Prevention and Management of Travelers' Diarrhea". Disease-a-Month. 52 (7): 289–302. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2006.08.003. ISSN 0011-5029.
  3. ↑ Pfeiffer, Margaret L.; DuPont, Herbert L.; Ochoa, Theresa J. (2012). "The patient presenting with acute dysentery – A systematic review". Journal of Infection. 64 (4): 374–386. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2012.01.006. ISSN 0163-4453.
  4. ↑ Barr W, Smith A (2014). "Acute diarrhea". Am Fam Physician. 89 (3): 180–9. PMID 24506120.
  5. ↑ Amil Dias J (2017). "Celiac Disease: What Do We Know in 2017?". GE Port J Gastroenterol. 24 (6): 275–278. doi:10.1159/000479881. PMID 29255768.
  6. ↑ Kotloff KL, Riddle MS, Platts-Mills JA, Pavlinac P, Zaidi A (2017). "Shigellosis". Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33296-8. PMID 29254859. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
  7. ↑ Yamamoto-Furusho, J.K.; Bosques-Padilla, F.; de-Paula, J.; Galiano, M.T.; Ibañez, P.; Juliao, F.; Kotze, P.G.; Rocha, J.L.; Steinwurz, F.; Veitia, G.; Zaltman, C. (2017). "Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: Primer Consenso Latinoamericano de la Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation". Revista de Gastroenterología de México. 82 (1): 46–84. doi:10.1016/j.rgmx.2016.07.003. ISSN 0375-0906.
  8. ↑ Borbély, Yves M; Osterwalder, Alice; Kröll, Dino; Nett, Philipp C; Inglin, Roman A (2017). "Diarrhea after bariatric procedures: Diagnosis and therapy". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 23 (26): 4689. doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i26.4689. ISSN 1007-9327.
  9. ↑ Crawford, Sue E.; Ramani, Sasirekha; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Svensson, Lennart; Hagbom, Marie; Franco, Manuel A.; Greenberg, Harry B.; O'Ryan, Miguel; Kang, Gagandeep; Desselberger, Ulrich; Estes, Mary K. (2017). "Rotavirus infection". Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 3: 17083. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.83. ISSN 2056-676X.
  10. ↑ Kist M (2000). "[Chronic diarrhea: value of microbiology in diagnosis]". Praxis (Bern 1994) (in German). 89 (39): 1559–65. PMID 11068510.
  11. ↑ Guerrant RL, Shields DS, Thorson SM, Schorling JB, Gröschel DH (1985). "Evaluation and diagnosis of acute infectious diarrhea". Am. J. Med. 78 (6B): 91–8. PMID 4014291.
  12. ↑ López-Vélez R, Turrientes MC, Garrón C, Montilla P, Navajas R, Fenoy S, del Aguila C (1999). "Microsporidiosis in travelers with diarrhea from the tropics". J Travel Med. 6 (4): 223–7. PMID 10575169.
  13. ↑ Wahnschaffe, Ulrich; Ignatius, Ralf; Loddenkemper, Christoph; Liesenfeld, Oliver; Muehlen, Marion; Jelinek, Thomas; Burchard, Gerd Dieter; Weinke, Thomas; Harms, Gundel; Stein, Harald; Zeitz, Martin; Ullrich, Reiner; Schneider, Thomas (2009). "Diagnostic value of endoscopy for the diagnosis of giardiasis and other intestinal diseases in patients with persistent diarrhea from tropical or subtropical areas". Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. 42 (3): 391–396. doi:10.1080/00365520600881193. ISSN 0036-5521.
  14. ↑ Mena Bares LM, Carmona Asenjo E, García Sánchez MV, Moreno Ortega E, Maza Muret FR, Guiote Moreno MV, Santos Bueno AM, Iglesias Flores E, Benítez Cantero JM, Vallejo Casas JA (2017). "75SeHCAT scan in bile acid malabsorption in chronic diarrhoea". Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 36 (1): 37–47. doi:10.1016/j.remn.2016.08.005. PMID 27765536.
  15. ↑ Gibson RJ, Stringer AM (2009). "Chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea". Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 3 (1): 31–5. doi:10.1097/SPC.0b013e32832531bb. PMID 19365159.
  16. ↑ Abraham BP, Sellin JH (2012). "Drug-induced, factitious, & idiopathic diarrhoea". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 26 (5): 633–48. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.007. PMID 23384808.
  17. ↑ Reintam Blaser A, Deane AM, Fruhwald S (2015). "Diarrhoea in the critically ill". Curr Opin Crit Care. 21 (2): 142–53. doi:10.1097/MCC.0000000000000188. PMID 25692805.
  18. ↑ McMahan ZH, DuPont HL (2007). "Review article: the history of acute infectious diarrhoea management--from poorly focused empiricism to fluid therapy and modern pharmacotherapy". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 25 (7): 759–69. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03261.x. PMID 17373914.
  19. ↑ Schiller LR (2012). "Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 26 (5): 551–62. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011. PMID 23384801.
  20. ↑ Giannella RA (1986). "Chronic diarrhea in travelers: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations". Rev. Infect. Dis. 8 Suppl 2: S223–6. PMID 3523719.
  21. ↑ Silverberg MS, Satsangi J, Ahmad T, Arnott ID, Bernstein CN, Brant SR; et al. (2005). "Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: report of a Working Party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology". Can J Gastroenterol. 19 Suppl A: 5A–36A. PMID 16151544.
  22. ↑ Sauter GH, Moussavian AC, Meyer G, Steitz HO, Parhofer KG, Jüngst D (2002). "Bowel habits and bile acid malabsorption in the months after cholecystectomy". Am J Gastroenterol. 97 (7): 1732–5. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05779.x. PMID 12135027.
  23. ↑ Maiuri L, Raia V, Potter J, Swallow D, Ho MW, Fiocca R; et al. (1991). "Mosaic pattern of lactase expression by villous enterocytes in human adult-type hypolactasia". Gastroenterology. 100 (2): 359–69. PMID 1702075.
  24. ↑ RUBIN CE, BRANDBORG LL, PHELPS PC, TAYLOR HC (1960). "Studies of celiac disease. I. The apparent identical and specific nature of the duodenal and proximal jejunal lesion in celiac disease and idiopathic sprue". Gastroenterology. 38: 28–49. PMID 14439871.
  25. ↑ Konvolinka CW (1994). "Acute diverticulitis under age forty". Am J Surg. 167 (6): 562–5. PMID 8209928.
  26. ↑ Satsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel JF (2006). "The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications". Gut. 55 (6): 749–53. doi:10.1136/gut.2005.082909. PMC 1856208. PMID 16698746.
  27. ↑ Haque R, Huston CD, Hughes M, Houpt E, Petri WA (2003). "Amebiasis". N Engl J Med. 348 (16): 1565–73. doi:10.1056/NEJMra022710. PMID 12700377.
  28. ↑ Hertzler SR, Savaiano DA (1996). "Colonic adaptation to daily lactose feeding in lactose maldigesters reduces lactose intolerance". Am J Clin Nutr. 64 (2): 232–6. PMID 8694025.
  29. ↑ Briet F, Pochart P, Marteau P, Flourie B, Arrigoni E, Rambaud JC (1997). "Improved clinical tolerance to chronic lactose ingestion in subjects with lactose intolerance: a placebo effect?". Gut. 41 (5): 632–5. PMC 1891556. PMID 9414969.
  30. ↑ BLACK-SCHAFFER B (1949). "The tinctoral demonstration of a glycoprotein in Whipple's disease". Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 72 (1): 225–7. PMID 15391722.

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