Sandbox: T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MV}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MV}} | ||
{{SK}} | {{SK}} T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, "Knobby" type of T-cell leukemia, T-prolymphocytic leukemia/T-cell lymphocytic leukemia- Kiel, T-PLL | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
T-cell-prolymphocytic leukemia (also known as ''T-PLL'') is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin involvement.<ref name="who1"> Jaffe E.S., Harris N.L., Stein H., Vardiman J.W. (eds): [http://www.iarc.fr/WHO-BlueBooks/BBwebsite/bb3.html World Health Organization Classification of Tumors]. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haemopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. IARC Press: Lyon 2001</ref> | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in [year] during/following [event]. | *T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in [year] during/following [event]. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may be classified according to | *T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may be classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification system into subtypes: | ||
:*[group1] | :*[group1] | ||
:*[group2] | :*[group2] | ||
:*[group3] | :*[group3] | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
*The pathogenesis of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is characterized by | *The pathogenesis of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is characterized by: | ||
*The | :* | ||
*On gross pathology, | :* | ||
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, | :* | ||
*The has been associated with the development of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. | |||
*On gross pathology, characteristic findings of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include: | |||
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include: | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
* T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia | * Common causes of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include: | ||
==Differentiating T-cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia from Other Diseases== | |||
==Differentiating | |||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as: | *T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as: | ||
:*[Differential dx1] | :*[Differential dx1] | ||
| Line 39: | Line 40: | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
* The prevalence of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide. | * The prevalence of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide. | ||
* | * T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is very rare, and it represents 2% of all small lymphocytic leukemias in adults. | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is more commonly observed among patients aged between 30 to 40 years old. | |||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is more commonly observed among young adults. | |||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is more commonly observed among patients aged | |||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is more commonly observed among | |||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
*T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia affects men and women equally. | *T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia affects men and women equally. | ||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
*There is no racial predilection for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. | *There is no racial predilection for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia are [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4]. | *Common risk factors in the development of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia are [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4]. | ||
| Line 64: | Line 56: | ||
== Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | == Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ||
*The majority of patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia remain asymptomatic for [duration/years]. | *The majority of patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia remain asymptomatic for [duration/years]. | ||
*Early clinical features include | *Early clinical features, include | ||
*If left untreated, | *If left untreated, patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may progress to develop | ||
*Common complications of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia include | *Common complications of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include: | ||
*Prognosis is generally | *Prognosis is generally poor, and the 5 year survival rate of patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is approximately | ||
== Diagnosis == | |||
=== Symptoms === | === Symptoms === | ||
*Symptoms of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may include the following: | *Symptoms of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may include the following: | ||
:* | :*Fever | ||
:* | :*Weight loss | ||
:* | :*Night sweats | ||
=== Physical Examination === | === Physical Examination === | ||
*Patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia usually appear [general appearance]. | *Patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia usually appear [general appearance]. | ||
| Line 98: | Line 78: | ||
=== Laboratory Findings === | === Laboratory Findings === | ||
* | :*Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia include [abnormal test 1], [abnormal test 2], and [abnormal test 3]. | ||
===Imaging Findings=== | ===Imaging Findings=== | ||
*There are no | *There are no specific imaging findings associated with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
| Line 130: | Line 98: | ||
=== Prevention === | === Prevention === | ||
*There are no primary preventive measures available for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. | *There are no primary preventive measures available for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category: Oncology]] | [[Category: Oncology]] | ||
Revision as of 22:19, 23 May 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, "Knobby" type of T-cell leukemia, T-prolymphocytic leukemia/T-cell lymphocytic leukemia- Kiel, T-PLL
Overview
T-cell-prolymphocytic leukemia (also known as T-PLL) is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin involvement.[1]
Historical Perspective
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in [year] during/following [event].
Classification
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may be classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification system into subtypes:
- [group1]
- [group2]
- [group3]
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is characterized by:
- The has been associated with the development of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
- On gross pathology, characteristic findings of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include:
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include:
Causes
- Common causes of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include:
Differentiating T-cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia from Other Diseases
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as:
- [Differential dx1]
- [Differential dx2]
- [Differential dx3]
Epidemiology and Demographics
- The prevalence of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is very rare, and it represents 2% of all small lymphocytic leukemias in adults.
Age
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is more commonly observed among patients aged between 30 to 40 years old.
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is more commonly observed among young adults.
Gender
- T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia affects men and women equally.
Race
- There is no racial predilection for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia are [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
- The majority of patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia remain asymptomatic for [duration/years].
- Early clinical features, include
- If left untreated, patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may progress to develop
- Common complications of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, include:
- Prognosis is generally poor, and the 5 year survival rate of patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is approximately
Diagnosis
Symptoms
- Symptoms of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia may include the following:
- Fever
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
Physical Examination
- Patients with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia usually appear [general appearance].
- Physical examination may be remarkable for:
- [finding 1]
- [finding 2]
- [finding 3]
- [finding 4]
- [finding 5]
- [finding 6]
Laboratory Findings
- Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia include [abnormal test 1], [abnormal test 2], and [abnormal test 3].
Imaging Findings
- There are no specific imaging findings associated with t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
Treatment
Medical Therapy
- There is no treatment for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia; the mainstay of therapy is supportive care.
- The mainstay of therapy for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is [medical therapy 1] and [medical therapy 2].
- [Medical therapy 1] acts by [mechanism of action1].
- Response to [medical therapy 1] can be monitored with [test/physical finding/imaging] every [frequency/duration].
Surgery
- Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
- [Surgical procedure] in conjunction with [chemotherapy/radiation] is the most common approach to the treatment of t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
- [Surgical procedure] can only be performed for patients with [disease stage] t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
Prevention
- There are no primary preventive measures available for t-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.
References
- ↑ Jaffe E.S., Harris N.L., Stein H., Vardiman J.W. (eds): World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haemopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. IARC Press: Lyon 2001