Riedel's thyroiditis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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*It is considered that the infiltrating lymphocytes release cytokines which are responsible for the activation of fibroblasts responsible for the fibrosis.<ref name="pmid8120524">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zimmermann-Belsing T, Feldt-Rasmussen U |title=Riedel's thyroiditis: an autoimmune or primary fibrotic disease? |journal=J. Intern. Med. |volume=235 |issue=3 |pages=271–4 |year=1994 |pmid=8120524 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *It is considered that the infiltrating lymphocytes release cytokines which are responsible for the activation of fibroblasts responsible for the fibrosis.<ref name="pmid8120524">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zimmermann-Belsing T, Feldt-Rasmussen U |title=Riedel's thyroiditis: an autoimmune or primary fibrotic disease? |journal=J. Intern. Med. |volume=235 |issue=3 |pages=271–4 |year=1994 |pmid=8120524 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Riedel's thyroiditis is characterized by a replacement of the normal thyroid parenchyma by a dense [[fibrosis]] that invades adjacent structures of the neck and extends beyond the thyroid capsule.<ref name="pmid17603227">{{cite journal |author=Cho MH, Kim CS, Park JS, ''et al'' |title=Riedel's thyroiditis in a patient with recurrent subacute thyroiditis: a case report and review of the literature |journal=Endocr. J. |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=559–62 |year=2007 |month=August |pmid=17603227 |doi= |url=http://joi.jlc.jst.go.jp/JST.JSTAGE/endocrj/K06-186?from=PubMed}}</ref> This makes the thyroid gland stone-hard and fixed to adjacent structures. | *Riedel's thyroiditis is characterized by a replacement of the normal thyroid parenchyma by a dense [[fibrosis]] that invades adjacent structures of the neck and extends beyond the thyroid capsule.<ref name="pmid17603227">{{cite journal |author=Cho MH, Kim CS, Park JS, ''et al'' |title=Riedel's thyroiditis in a patient with recurrent subacute thyroiditis: a case report and review of the literature |journal=Endocr. J. |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=559–62 |year=2007 |month=August |pmid=17603227 |doi= |url=http://joi.jlc.jst.go.jp/JST.JSTAGE/endocrj/K06-186?from=PubMed}}</ref> This makes the thyroid gland stone-hard and fixed to adjacent structures. | ||
A shared mechanism with [[retroperitoneal fibrosis]] and [[sclerosing cholangitis]] | *A shared mechanism with [[retroperitoneal fibrosis]] and [[sclerosing cholangitis]] is also suggested.<ref name="pmid8504980">{{cite journal |author=De Boer WA |title=Riedel's thyroiditis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and sclerosing cholangitis: diseases with one pathogenesis? |journal=Gut |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=714 |year=1993 |month=May |pmid=8504980 |pmc=1374200 |doi= |url=http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8504980}}</ref> | ||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
Revision as of 16:54, 10 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The exact pathogenesis of Riedel's thyroiditis is not fully understood. The presence of thyroid autoantibodies and lymphoid infiltration of the thyroid gland resembling that of Hashimoto's thyroiditis might indicate an autoimmune etiology. It is considered that the infiltrating lymphocytes release cytokines which are responsible for the activation of fibroblasts responsible for the fibrosis.[1] Riedel's thyroiditis is characterized by a replacement of the normal thyroid parenchyma by a dense fibrosis that invades adjacent structures of the neck and extends beyond the thyroid capsule.[2] This makes the thyroid gland stone-hard and fixed to adjacent structures. A shared mechanism with retroperitoneal fibrosis and sclerosing cholangitis has been suggested.[3]
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- The exact pathogenesis of Riedel's thyroiditis is not fully understood. The presence of thyroid autoantibodies and lymphoid infiltration of the thyroid gland resembling that of Hashimoto's thyroiditis might indicate an autoimmune etiology.
- It is considered that the infiltrating lymphocytes release cytokines which are responsible for the activation of fibroblasts responsible for the fibrosis.[1]
- Riedel's thyroiditis is characterized by a replacement of the normal thyroid parenchyma by a dense fibrosis that invades adjacent structures of the neck and extends beyond the thyroid capsule.[2] This makes the thyroid gland stone-hard and fixed to adjacent structures.
- A shared mechanism with retroperitoneal fibrosis and sclerosing cholangitis is also suggested.[3]
Genetics
- [Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
- The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zimmermann-Belsing T, Feldt-Rasmussen U (1994). "Riedel's thyroiditis: an autoimmune or primary fibrotic disease?". J. Intern. Med. 235 (3): 271–4. PMID 8120524.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cho MH, Kim CS, Park JS; et al. (2007). "Riedel's thyroiditis in a patient with recurrent subacute thyroiditis: a case report and review of the literature". Endocr. J. 54 (4): 559–62. PMID 17603227. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 De Boer WA (1993). "Riedel's thyroiditis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and sclerosing cholangitis: diseases with one pathogenesis?". Gut. 34 (5): 714. PMC 1374200. PMID 8504980. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)