Pseudotumor cerebri causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Causes
- Increased production of CSF and reduced resorption: Normal CSF flow involves production at the choroid plexuses and absorption at the cranial and spinal nerve root arachnoid villi and granulations. Impaired CSF absorption at the superior sagittal sinus or along the spinal nerve roots could therefore explain IIH and has been documented in 75-100% of IIH patients. Permeability along the blood-CSF barrier varies, producing an increasing oncotic pressure gradient between the CSF and venous system in a rostral to caudal progression. It is speculated that variations in this oncotic pressure contribute to or impede CSF absorption.
- obesity.(89 uptodate): Some evidences suggest that onesity can increase intra abdominal and intra cranial pressure and have a role in pathogenesis of IHH. (106 uptodate) In a study on 7 obese women with IHH it was seen that weith loss improved their symptoms.(107 uptodate) In the other hand higher level of leptin (a protein released from adipose tissue) was found in IHH patiets.(125)
- Vitamin A intoxication: There are some evidences of higher serum and CSF level of vitamin A, retinol and retinol binding protein can be related to IHH pathogenesis.(116-118)
- Sleep apnea: Sleep apnea can cause hypercarbia which can result in vasodilation and elevated intacranial pressure (74 uptodate)
- Sex hormones: In one study regarding IIH etiology which was done on 8 men with this disease, Four of them had abnormal FSH and LH level, 2 of them had estradiol abnormalities and seven of them had reduced testosterone level.(127 uptodate)