Personality disorder
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayesha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Personality disorder from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Personality Change Due to Another Medical Condition
Diagnosis
Treatment
Psychotherapy
Medical Therapy
No medical therapy is approved by Food and Drug administration, FDA for treatment of personality disorders. Pharmacotherapy is utilised to manage symptoms during acute decompensation and trait vulnerabilities. Mood dysregulatory symptoms like emotional lability, anger outbursts, depressive crashes, and other affective dysregulation symptoms are managed with (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) SSRIs or selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like venlafaxine. Mood stabilizers like lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine or topiramate are used as second line. Impulse control dyscontrol symptoms are self-mutilation, aggression, eroticism, reckless sex, extravagant spending and uncontrolled substance use. They are managed with SSRIs as first line and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as second line [1]. British guidelines recommend against the use of medications for these symptoms [2]. Cognitive perceptual symptoms incorporate paranoia, delusions, hallucination, derealisation, depersonalization and suspiciousness. Low dose neuroleptics or antipsychotic medications are used. They help with psychotic symptoms as well as mood issues.
Case Studies
Related Chapters
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